Browse the evidence

Post-ICU patients showed an even distribution of energy and protein intake from oral food consumption throughout the day.

Practitioners should consider the timing of meals to ensure consistent energy and protein intake.

Seven French raw-milk cheeses showed biological activities in vivo and in vitro.

Cheeses may be considered functional foods with potential health benefits.

Fractions (polar and apolar) reduced inflammatory markers in human chondrocytes.

Cheese fractions may have potential anti-inflammatory effects on joint health.

The Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI) is inversely correlated with the Atherogenicity (ATI) index (R = -0.91).

Practitioners should consider the MAI as a significant dietary factor in cardiovascular health.

Atherogenicity (ATI) is directly correlated with serum cholesterol (R = +0.73).

Practitioners should monitor serum cholesterol levels in relation to dietary fatty acid intake.

Atherogenicity (ATI) and Thrombogenicity (THI) indices are strongly associated with long-term coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality.

Practitioners should consider the impact of dietary fatty acids on long-term CHD risk.

53.5% of participants are at risk of exercise addiction and 46.5% are addicted to exercise.

Practitioners should be aware that a significant portion of regular exercisers may be at risk or addicted to exercise.

GLP-1-based therapies can lead to significant aesthetic issues in the face and neck, including midface volume loss and increased skin laxity.

Practitioners should be aware of these aesthetic concerns when treating patients on GLP-1 therapies.

Multimodal nonsurgical aesthetic treatments are recommended for addressing aesthetic issues in GLP-1 weight loss patients.

Practitioners should consider a combination of treatments for optimal aesthetic outcomes.

MitoQ supplementation reduced mitochondrial H2O2 emission capacity in skeletal muscle.

MitoQ may reduce oxidative stress in skeletal muscle for older adults.

Individuals with type 2 diabetes have significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers compared to an unaffected population.

Practitioners should consider monitoring inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes.

There is a significant positive association between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and body mass index (BMI) in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Monitoring BMI may provide insights into inflammation levels in diabetic patients.

The paper developed the first consensual definition of functional training using an international e-Delphi method.

Practitioners can refer to this consensual definition for clarity in functional training.

A proposal was made to avoid the distinction between functional training and the general concept of training.

Practitioners should consider this proposal when defining and applying functional training.

The incidence of peripheral neuropathy (PN) differs by type 2 diabetes (T2D) subgroup.

Healthcare providers should consider T2D subgroups when assessing PN risk.

Rare deleterious variants in six specific effector genes (MC4R, PCSK1, POMC, CALCR, BSN, and CORO1A) are significantly associated with BMI at the population level, with CORO1A being a newly identified genetic risk factor for obesity.

Genetic testing can identify individuals with rare variants in genes like CORO1A, MC4R, or PCSK1 who are at higher risk for severe obesity. Knowing this early can guide personalized prevention strategies, such as early lifestyle interventions or targeted pharmacological therapies, before significant weight gain occurs.

Existing FDA-approved smoking cessation medications (varenicline, nicotine replacement therapy, and bupropion alone) provide only modest attenuation of post-cessation weight gain and do not eliminate it.

Standard smoking cessation drugs like patches, gum, or varenicline will help you quit, but they are not designed to stop you from gaining weight afterward. Expect modest weight changes, but do not rely on them to maintain your weight.

Obesity is a biologic disorder caused by alterations in CNS pathways controlling energy balance, not a lifestyle failure remediable by willpower alone.

Stop blaming yourself for your weight. Your body is fighting you due to biological mechanisms, not just willpower. Seek medical treatment for obesity just as you would for high blood pressure.

GLP-1 therapy is associated with significant gastrointestinal side effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation) which are dose-dependent and can lead to discontinuation, although most side effects decrease with continued use.

You will likely experience some gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, diarrhea, or constipation, especially when you start the medication or increase the dose. These symptoms often improve over time. Talk to your doctor about managing these side effects through diet and slow dose titration.

Obesity is a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and treatable multi-factorial neurobehavioral disease, not just a lifestyle choice.

Understand that obesity is a disease with biological drivers, not just a failure of will. This reduces self-blame and opens the door to effective medical and lifestyle interventions.

SGLT2 inhibitors provide consistent cardiovascular benefits (reduced mortality and morbidity) across all BMI classes in heart failure, with no mediating effect of obesity on their efficacy.

If you have heart failure, SGLT2 inhibitors (like Dapagliflozin or Empagliflozin) are a standard, highly effective treatment that works regardless of your weight. They reduce the risk of hospitalization and death. Discuss starting these with your doctor if you are not already on them.

Obesity is fundamentally a chronic metabolic disease characterized by disturbances in energy homeostasis and excessive fat accumulation, driven by a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, biological, psychological, and environmental factors.

Understand that obesity is a complex chronic disease, not a moral failing. Effective management requires addressing biological, genetic, and environmental factors, often necessitating medical interventions alongside lifestyle changes.

Genetic variants, particularly in the MC4R, FTO, and LEP/LEPR genes, significantly influence susceptibility to obesity, affecting appetite regulation, energy expenditure, and fat storage.

Genetics play a significant role in obesity risk. If you have a family history of obesity, you may have a higher predisposition. However, this does not mean weight management is impossible; tailored medical and lifestyle strategies can be highly effective.

BMI is an insufficient diagnostic tool for obesity because it fails to differentiate between fat mass and lean body mass, leading to misclassification.

Do not rely solely on BMI to determine your health status. It fails to distinguish between muscle and fat. Ask your doctor for more precise assessments like waist circumference or body composition analysis to get a true picture of your metabolic risk.