Browse the evidence

Targeting obesity with GLP-1-based therapies reduces major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and overweight/obesity, even without diabetes.

If you have heart disease and are overweight or obese, even without diabetes, treating your obesity with semaglutide (2.4 mg weekly) can significantly lower your risk of heart attack, stroke, or cardiovascular death by 20%. This treatment addresses the root metabolic driver of your cardiovascular risk.

Semaglutide reduced major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.

Semaglutide may be recommended for patients at risk of cardiovascular events.

No serious adverse events were reported during the trial.

TRE and CR appear to be safe dietary strategies for weight loss in this population.

Tirzepatide significantly increased fat oxidation while decreasing carbohydrate and protein oxidation rates.

Practitioners may leverage TZP's effects on fat oxidation to optimize weight loss protocols.

Tirzepatide showed a favourable safety profile, without increasing the risk of serious adverse events or impacting mortality rates.

Tirzepatide can be used safely in obesity management without significant risk of serious side effects.

The proportion of participants discontinuing treatment for any reason was lower with semaglutide (13.5%) compared to liraglutide (27.6%).

Semaglutide may lead to better treatment adherence compared to liraglutide.

The safety profile of orforglipron was consistent with that of the GLP-1 receptor agonist class, with gastrointestinal events being the most common adverse effects.

Practitioners should be aware of the gastrointestinal side effects associated with orforglipron, particularly during dose escalation.

The combination of Semaglutide and VLCD provoked greater improvements in pancreatic beta-cell function than VLCD alone.

Combining Semaglutide with VLCD may enhance pancreatic function in T2D management.

Higher dose levels of GLP-1RAs may have better effects on weight loss.

Consideration of dose levels may optimize weight loss outcomes with GLP-1RAs.

Tirzepatide was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) (HR, 0.311; 95% CI, 0.257-0.375; p < 0.0001).

Tirzepatide may be a safer option for reducing mortality in obese patients compared to surgical interventions.

Tirzepatide reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (HR, 0.743; 95% CI, 0.673-0.821; p < 0.0001).

Tirzepatide may help reduce cardiovascular risks in obese patients.

Tirzepatide reduced the risk of major adverse kidney events (MAKEs) (HR, 0.375; 95% CI, 0.336-0.419; p < 0.0001).

Tirzepatide may be beneficial for kidney health in obese patients.

The SASI group had a total weight loss of 37.0% compared to 29.7% in the SG group at 12 months after surgery.

Practitioners may consider SASI for enhanced weight loss in severely obese patients.

The SASI group achieved a lower BMI of 23.4 ± 2.6 kg/m² compared to 24.6 ± 2.9 kg/m² in the SG group at 12 months.

Lower BMI in the SASI group suggests it may be more effective for weight management.

The 12-month difference in VAT loss between diets attenuated to 5.5 cm².

Long-term adherence to dietary interventions may yield diminishing returns in VAT loss.

Semaglutide and tirzepatide resolve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in 41% and 53% of patients, respectively, without worsening fibrosis after 52-72 weeks.

These medications can significantly improve liver health in adults with MASH.

Phentermine/topiramate ER treatment improved glucose regulation, lipid profiles, and decreased blood pressure.

The treatment may enhance metabolic health in obese patients.

Lean mass constituted 25%–39% of total weight lost with incretin agonists: semaglutide (35.2%), tirzepatide (25.4%), and liraglutide (26.8%).

Incretin therapies can lead to significant lean mass loss during weight reduction.

Lifestyle interventions showed comparable proportional lean mass loss (26.2%) to incretin therapies (p = 0.42 for comparison).

Lifestyle interventions can be as effective as incretin therapies in preserving lean mass during weight loss.

Efsubaglutide Alfa showed a preferable tolerability and safety profile.

Efsubaglutide Alfa may be a safer option for weight management compared to other treatments.

NAFLD is a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Clinicians should consider NAFLD when assessing cardiovascular risk in patients.

Resolution of steatohepatitis without worsening of fibrosis occurred in 62.9% of the patients in the semaglutide group compared to 34.3% in the placebo group.

Semaglutide may be an effective treatment option for improving liver histology in patients with MASH.

In the 15-mg tirzepatide group, 62% of participants achieved resolution of MASH without worsening of fibrosis compared to 10% in the placebo group (difference of 53 percentage points; P<0.001).

Tirzepatide may be an effective treatment option for patients with MASH and moderate to severe fibrosis.

Prediabetes is associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular events, and mortality.

Healthcare providers should monitor and manage prediabetes to reduce risks of diabetes and cardiovascular events.