Research
Cellular
The hazard ratios for heart failure by type of microvascular disease are 2.22 for nephropathy, 1.30 for retinopathy, and 1.33 for neuropathy.
Different types of MVD should be evaluated for their specific risks in heart failure.
StrongSupportsmedium confidence
The hazard ratios for HF by type of MVD were 2.22 (95% CI, 1.51–3.27), 1.30 (95% CI, 0.72–2.36), and 1.33 (95% CI, 0.86–2.07) for nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, respectively.
Why this rating
Based on a large cohort study design.
Source
Microvascular Disease and Incident Heart Failure Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Arnaud D. Kazé et al. · Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021
DOI 10.1161/jaha.120.018998
cohort · n=4095Cited 40×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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