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Sodium bicarbonate ingestion increased the number of repetitions performed in the third set of the bench press exercise (g: 0.30; p = 0.046).

Ingesting sodium bicarbonate may enhance performance in resistance training, particularly in later sets.

Sodium bicarbonate ingestion increased the total number of repetitions performed throughout all 3 sets in the bench press exercise (g: 0.23; p = 0.04).

Sodium bicarbonate may improve overall performance in resistance training sessions.

Sodium bicarbonate ingestion increased peak power in the second set of the bench press exercise (g: 0.19; p = 0.03).

Sodium bicarbonate may enhance peak power output during resistance training.

A dietary score derived from 18 food groups is inversely associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, with a hazard ratio of 0.73.

Practitioners should consider dietary patterns that align with a Mediterranean diet to reduce heart disease risk.

At 1-month follow-up, patients showed a 22.3 percent decrease in average fat tissue and a 21.5 percent increase in muscle mass.

The HIFEM+RF procedure can effectively reduce fat and increase muscle in the upper arms.

At 3-month follow-up, there was an average decrease in fat tissue by 25.5 percent and an average increase in muscle mass by 23.9 percent.

The HIFEM+RF procedure continues to show effectiveness in fat reduction and muscle gain over time.

Increasing weekly sets may offer additional benefits for 1RM and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area.

Practitioners may consider increasing resistance training volume to enhance strength and muscle size.

Muscle thickness of the middle rectus femoris and proximal vastus lateralis increased significantly with no difference between exercise variations.

Both seated and supine positions can lead to muscle swelling, which may be beneficial for hypertrophy.

Muscle thickness of the middle vastus lateralis increased only after the seated knee extension exercise.

Seated knee extensions may be more effective for targeting the vastus lateralis for muscle growth.

Weight loss of more than 10% may reduce obesity-associated cancer incidence.

Encouraging significant weight loss may be a viable strategy for reducing cancer risk in obese patients.

Dietary adherence, including protein and salt restriction, is relevant in inhibiting progression of chronic kidney disease.

Dietary recommendations should focus on protein and salt restrictions to manage kidney disease progression.

There is moderate evidence for eccentrically biased training to increase quadriceps size in ACL-reconstructed individuals.

Practitioners should consider incorporating eccentrically biased training in rehabilitation programs for ACL-reconstructed patients.

Positive changes in quadriceps size were seen following traditional, eccentrically biased, and blood flow restriction exercise interventions in ACL-reconstructed limbs.

Incorporating these exercise interventions may effectively enhance quadriceps size in ACL rehabilitation.

Exercise is one of the most effective strategies to prevent sarcopenia.

Incorporating exercise into daily routines can significantly help in preventing muscle loss in older adults.

A combination of adequate nutrition and regular exercise is recommended to promote muscle health and function.

Practitioners should encourage both dietary and exercise interventions for optimal muscle health in older adults.

Higher protein diets optimize muscle mass during periods of resistance training, facilitating strength increases.

Athletes should consider higher protein intake to enhance muscle mass and strength.

Creatine monohydrate supplementation enhances strength and power.

Incorporating creatine monohydrate can be beneficial for strength and power training.

Peri-exercise caffeine, nitrate-containing supplements, and sodium bicarbonate can enhance aspects of endurance performance.

Athletes may benefit from these supplements to improve endurance performance.

Both intermittent fasting (IF) and ketogenic diet (KD) independently show clinically significant benefits in improving metabolic parameters in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), including reductions in HbA1c, fasting glucose, body weight, and triglycerides.

Practitioners may consider IF and KD as effective dietary interventions for managing MetS and T2D.

A maintenance dose of 1.2 g·d-1 of beta-alanine (BA) was effective in maintaining performance during repeated sprints.

Practitioners can consider a lower maintenance dose of beta-alanine to sustain performance in repeated sprint activities.

Resistance training volume is suggested to be one of the most effective variables for developing muscular hypertrophy.

Practitioners should consider resistance training volume as a key factor in designing hypertrophy-focused training programs.

Controlling for each individual's previous training volume could improve the precision of the muscle hypertrophic response to resistance training.

Practitioners should assess an individual's training history to tailor resistance training programs for optimal muscle growth.

Supplemental protein hydrolysate had a positive effect on fat-free mass (FFM) with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.16–0.56, P = 0.000).

Practitioners may consider recommending protein hydrolysate supplementation to enhance fat-free mass in resistance-trained individuals.

Supplemental protein hydrolysate had a positive effect on lower body strength with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.43 (95% CI: 0.16–0.69, P = 0.001).

Practitioners may consider recommending protein hydrolysate supplementation to enhance lower body strength in resistance-trained individuals.