Browse the evidence

The addition of 500 kcal·d −1 from whole foods/snacks in combination with a rigorous resistance training program promotes a weight gain of ~0.22 kg·wk −1, primarily as lean body mass, over 10 weeks in both male and female athletes.

Athletes looking to gain weight should consider increasing their caloric intake by 500 kcal·d −1 along with a structured resistance training program.

The peanut-based whole foods/snacks group gained less total body mass compared to the high-carbohydrate, peanut-free snack group.

Athletes may need to consider the type of snacks they consume for optimal weight gain results.

35% of protein supplement users take them for muscle mass increase.

Practitioners should emphasize muscle gain in discussions about protein supplementation.

Carbohydrate intake was below the recommended range for power athletes at each timepoint.

Athletes should increase carbohydrate intake to meet performance needs.

A very low-energy diet is an effective method for achieving glycaemic control and weight loss.

Implementing very low-energy diets may benefit patients with diabetes and obesity preoperatively.

Bariatric-metabolic procedures can improve and induce remission of diabetes mellitus.

Consider bariatric-metabolic procedures as a treatment option for patients with diabetes.

The RESTART trial aims to evaluate whether a complex lifestyle intervention can improve and maintain cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition among older adults with elevated cardiometabolic risk.

Practitioners can consider implementing complex lifestyle interventions to improve fitness and health in older adults at risk.

Secondary and tertiary outcomes include parameters such as muscle strength, physical activity levels, body composition, and health-related quality of life.

Practitioners should consider these additional outcomes when evaluating the impact of lifestyle interventions.

Weight decreases of 1.0% to 2.9%, 3.0% to 4.9%, and 5.0% or greater are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes by 16%, 25%, and 26%, respectively.

Encouraging weight loss can significantly reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Preventing weight gain and reducing weight are important for lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals with a BMI of 22 or greater.

Healthcare providers should focus on weight management strategies for individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

Mean weight loss among patients taking liraglutide for at least 3 months was 7.6 kg (7.9%).

Liraglutide can be an effective part of a weight management plan for patients with obesity.

Patients treated for more than 6 months lost significantly more weight (8.6 kg) compared to those treated for less than 6 months (6.2 kg).

Longer treatment with liraglutide may lead to greater weight loss.

Liraglutide, along with lifestyle intervention, is a good option for weight management in the majority of patients with obesity.

Integrating liraglutide with lifestyle changes can improve weight management outcomes.

Superset training reduces session duration by approximately 50% compared to traditional resistance training.

Practitioners can recommend superset training as a time-efficient alternative to traditional resistance training.

Home-based exercise may improve aerobic fitness (SMD = 0.42) in older adults.

Home-based exercise can be recommended to improve aerobic fitness in older adults.

Substitution of LNCSBs for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with lower incidence of obesity (RR, 0.88) and coronary heart disease (RR, 0.89).

Replacing SSBs with LNCSBs may reduce obesity and heart disease risk.

Substitution of water for SSBs showed lower weight (MD, -0.10 kg/y) and lower incidence of obesity (RR, 0.85).

Encouraging water over SSBs can aid in weight loss and reduce obesity risk.

The Healthy Weight for Living (HWL) intervention resulted in a mean 6-month weight change of −8.8% for HWL and −8.0% for HWL + meal replacements (MR), both significantly better than controls (p < 0.001).

Implementing the HWL intervention can lead to significant weight loss in workplace settings.

Clinically meaningful weight loss (≥5%) was maintained at 18 months in both intervention groups.

The HWL intervention can lead to sustained weight loss over an extended period.

63.4% of survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer had ≥5% weight reduction after anti-obesity medication initiation.

Practitioners may consider AOMs as a viable option for weight management in this population.

The proportion of survivors with severe obesity decreased from 60% to 35% after anti-obesity medication initiation.

AOMs may effectively reduce severe obesity in this demographic.

Anti-obesity medications are effective for weight reduction in survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer.

AOMs can be considered a treatment option for weight management in AYA cancer survivors.

Exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) supplementation significantly reduced fat mass by 2 kg and improved body fat percentage in overweight and obese adults.

Practitioners may consider BHB supplementation as a strategy to enhance fat loss in overweight and obese clients.

Patients treated with GLP-1RAs achieved a mean absolute weight loss of 7.33 kg compared to baseline.

GLP-1RAs can be effective for weight loss in IBD patients.