Browse the evidence

An intensive lifestyle intervention was associated with higher levels of employment.

Healthcare providers should consider lifestyle interventions as a means to improve employment outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Hormonal and immune responses to acute exercise were similar over time and between groups.

Practitioners can expect similar hormonal and immune responses regardless of protein supplementation during concurrent training.

The 7-year cardiovascular risk was 18.0% in the bariatric surgery group and 18.9% in the no-surgery group, with a risk difference of -0.9.

Bariatric surgery may not significantly reduce cardiovascular risk in this population.

Men reduced mean energy intake from 1903±462 kcal to 1685 kcal±439 kcal (p<0.001) and increased carbohydrate intake from 42.4±6.6% to 43.8±6.6% (p=0.002).

Men with type 2 diabetes may benefit from reducing energy intake and adjusting carbohydrate consumption.

Women reduced mean energy intake from 1582±379 kcal to 1459±326 kcal (p<0.001) with no change to macronutrient distribution and alcohol.

Women with type 2 diabetes may achieve metabolic benefits by reducing energy intake.

12.2% of all patients reduced their body weight by 5%, and 8.4% by 10%.

A notable portion of military personnel can achieve significant weight loss through structured interventions.

Current evidence indicates similar whole muscle hypertrophy between multi-joint (MJ) and single-joint (SJ) training.

Both MJ and SJ exercises can be effective for muscle growth.

There may be added benefit to combining SJ and MJ exercises for targeting individual aspects of a given muscle.

Combining SJ and MJ exercises may enhance muscle development.

A significant global prevalence of inadequate omega-6 and seafood omega-3 fatty acid intakes exists, particularly in less-developed regions.

Efforts should be made to improve omega-6 and omega-3 intake in less-developed areas.

Management strategies for weight regain include lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and revisional surgery.

A multidisciplinary approach incorporating these strategies is essential for effective long-term weight management.

High-intensity medical management leads to meaningful, though sometimes less substantial, weight loss and health improvements.

Practitioners should implement high-intensity medical management for patients preferring nonsurgical options.

The choice between metabolic surgery and high-intensity medical management should consider individual patient needs, health status, target weight loss, and personal preferences.

Practitioners should tailor treatment options based on individual patient circumstances.

These therapies may reduce the risk for HF hospitalizations.

Incorporating these therapies may help reduce hospital admissions for heart failure in this patient population.

Finerenone has been associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality and total worsening HF events across all BMI levels, with greater benefits observed in patients with higher BMIs.

Finerenone may be a beneficial treatment option for reducing cardiovascular risks in patients with varying BMI levels.

Oral semaglutide may provide greater attractiveness and better treatment adherence compared to subcutaneous semaglutide.

Oral semaglutide may be a preferable option for patients who prioritize ease of use.

Physical activity is important for regulating body weight, but many cardiometabolic benefits of exercise are independent of such regulation.

Physical activity should be promoted for its broad health benefits, not just weight management.

The dropout rate was higher in the control group (22.5%) compared to the psychological counseling group (0.0%) (p < 0.001).

Practitioners should consider the importance of psychological counseling in reducing dropout rates.

Quality of life improved among adolescents from both groups, but those in the psychological counseling group reported a better quality of life.

Psychological counseling may enhance the overall quality of life in obese adolescents undergoing treatment.

48% of individuals exhibited exercise-related energy compensation (ExEC) with a mean of −308 ± 158 kcals/day.

Practitioners should note that a significant portion of individuals may not fully compensate for exercise energy expenditure.

GLP-1RA is underutilized due to cardiologists' unfamiliarity and hesitation.

Addressing these barriers could improve GLP-1RA utilization in clinical practice.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is a novel technique of endoscopic bariatric therapies that has shown safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness.

Practitioners can consider endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty as a viable option for patients who are not candidates for traditional bariatric surgery.

Multidisciplinary combined therapy enhances the long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery.

Incorporating multidisciplinary approaches can improve patient outcomes post-surgery.

Caloric reduction may exacerbate nutrient inadequacies among adults with overweight or obesity.

Practitioners should consider the potential for nutrient deficiencies when advising caloric restriction for weight loss.

After a simulated 30% caloric reduction, 25%–40% of the population had intakes below the EAR for protein, vitamin B-6, and zinc.

Practitioners should monitor specific nutrient intakes when implementing caloric reductions.