Browse the evidence

Resistance exercise (RE) significantly increased metabolic flexibility in older men compared to no exercise (NE), with a medium-to-large effect size.

Incorporating resistance exercise into routines can enhance metabolic flexibility in older adults.

At 20 weeks, the protein group demonstrated greater improvement in the Short Physical Performance Battery and lower fat mass at 11 weeks.

Protein supplementation may lead to specific improvements in physical performance and fat loss in stroke patients.

A high-protein diet increased daily protein intake to 1.6 g/kg body weight and resulted in significantly increased concentrations of two metabolites and reduced concentrations of 98 metabolites compared to baseline.

Practitioners can consider a high-protein diet as a viable option for older adults to enhance metabolic health.

Post-exercise protein (PRO) intake exceeded current recommendations by 4.6-fold.

Athletes may be consuming excessive protein post-exercise, which could be adjusted based on recommendations.

Adequate protein intake of approximately 1.6 g/kg/day is essential for supporting hypertrophy, with meal distribution of about 3-4 meals/day recommended.

Ensure protein intake is around 1.6 g/kg/day and distribute meals to support muscle growth.

Time-efficient resistance training strategies such as supersets, drop sets, and rest-pause sets can preserve training volume and elicit similar muscular adaptations in less time than traditional training.

Practitioners can implement these time-efficient strategies to help clients maintain strength and hypertrophy despite time constraints.

HIIT improves HbA1c and insulin sensitivity to a similar extent as moderate-intensity continuous training.

HIIT can be recommended as an effective exercise strategy for improving glucose regulation in at-risk populations.

Continuously accumulated physical activity is positively associated with insulin sensitivity.

Encouraging continuous physical activity may enhance insulin sensitivity in at-risk individuals.

High-intensity interval exercise significantly improves the postprandial insulin response compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise and sitting.

HIIT may be particularly beneficial for managing post-meal insulin levels in at-risk populations.

Weight loss and weight management in people with type 2 diabetes can alter the primary disease process of obesity.

Practitioners should consider weight loss strategies as a means to manage obesity in type 2 diabetes patients.

Bariatric surgery provides clinically significant and sustained weight loss for individuals with obesity.

Bariatric surgery should be considered for patients needing significant and lasting weight loss.

Modest weight loss leads to improvements in glycemic levels, reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications and comorbidities.

Practitioners should encourage modest weight loss in obese T2D patients to improve glycemic control.

Clinical improvements were found in the two intervention groups after 6 months.

Interventions that promote physical activity can lead to significant health improvements in this population.

Modeling reallocation of 30 min of sedentary time to moderate and vigorous physical activity was beneficially associated with BMI, waist circumference, and HDL cholesterol.

Encouraging patients to reduce sedentary time and increase moderate to vigorous activity can improve key health metrics.

Diet plays an important role in the effective management of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners should emphasize dietary interventions in diabetes management.

The recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines provide up-to-date recommendations for managing diabetes and cardiovascular risk.

Practitioners should refer to the latest guidelines for effective diabetes management.

At 12 months, 92.1% of patients achieved an HbA1c reduction, with a mean change of −3.8 ± 2.8%.

Practitioners can expect significant improvements in glycemic control with structured follow-up.

Face-to-face interventions demonstrated a significant 46% risk reduction in T2DM incidence and a 46% increase in the reversion to normoglycemia compared with the control group.

Practitioners should prioritize face-to-face interventions for effective T2DM prevention and normoglycemia reversion.

Digital health interventions were associated with a 12% risk reduction in T2DM incidence compared with the control group.

Digital health interventions may offer some benefit, but practitioners should be cautious due to the lack of significant evidence.

Blended interventions combining digital and face-to-face approaches suggested a 37% risk reduction in T2DM incidence and an 87% increase in the reversion to normoglycemia.

Blended interventions may be highly effective and should be considered in T2DM prevention strategies.

Integrating continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with a digital weight management program produced a 0.46% greater reduction in HbA1c% compared to usual care.

Healthcare providers can consider integrating CGM with weight management programs for better glycemic control.

Significant improvements were observed in cardiometabolic risk markers, mental health, and exercise capacity among participants.

Enhancing physical activity can lead to improved health outcomes in at-risk populations.

Six weeks of physiotherapist-led structured physical exercise program (SPEP) improved glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Incorporating structured exercise programs can enhance glycemic control in diabetic patients.

Over a 2-year period, carbohydrate restriction can lead to remission and cure of T2DM.

Long-term carbohydrate restriction may be an effective approach for achieving remission in T2DM.