Browse the evidence

Obesity is associated with serious health risks and consequences for individuals who are pregnant or want to be pregnant.

Healthcare providers should be aware of the risks obesity poses to pregnant individuals.

Lifestyle interventions, such as adherence to a Mediterranean diet and weight loss, have proven beneficial for both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Encouraging patients to adopt a Mediterranean diet and focus on weight loss can be beneficial for managing both MASLD and HFpEF.

Obesity is a major contributor to type 2 diabetes, necessitating medication management for both conditions.

Addressing obesity is crucial in managing type 2 diabetes, and medication may be necessary.

A weight loss of 10% can already achieve a reduction in cardiovascular endpoints.

Practitioners should aim for at least a 10% weight loss in patients to improve cardiovascular health.

Bariatric interventions have shown the best therapeutic benefits in individuals with obesity.

Bariatric interventions should be considered as a primary treatment option for obesity.

Exenatide combined with Metformin significantly reduced insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) by a mean difference of -0.9 (p < 0.001).

Practitioners may consider the combination of Exenatide and Metformin as an effective treatment for improving insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Exenatide combined with Metformin reduced body mass index (BMI) by a mean difference of -0.4 (p = 0.03).

The combination therapy may assist in weight management for women with PCOS.

All secondary cardiometabolic outcomes improved significantly throughout the study.

Practitioners can consider compounded GLP-1 ± GIP agonists as effective for improving various cardiometabolic risk factors.

Intensive lifestyle modification and medications that improve insulin resistance are key strategies for preventing type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Practitioners should focus on lifestyle changes and medications to prevent T2D.

Lifestyle measures such as increasing physical activity and improving diet are considered the basis of any drug therapy for dyslipidemias.

Practitioners should prioritize lifestyle interventions in managing dyslipidemias.

Meal replacements (MRs) lead to a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS) by 3.10 mg/dL.

Incorporating meal replacements can effectively lower fasting blood sugar levels.

The new glycemia targeted specialized supplement (GTSS) produced a 25% reduction in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of postprandial blood glucose (PPG) compared to a standardized breakfast.

Using GTSS as a breakfast replacement may help lower postprandial blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Chronic data generally indicate that supersets and traditional resistance training lead to similar adaptations for endurance, hypertrophy, power, and strength.

Both training modalities can be used interchangeably for long-term adaptations.

Training-induced changes in leg lean body mass and leg press 1RM increased after training with no differences between rBLG and whey groups.

Both rBLG and whey can effectively support muscle gains from resistance training.

There is a relationship between the consumption of ultra processed foods and the prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and cancer.

Awareness of the health risks associated with ultra processed foods is crucial for public health initiatives.

Evidence of individual response variation can lead to improved exercise prescription.

Practitioners can tailor exercise programs based on individual responses to training.

Weekly progressions in the number of sets should be prioritized over progressions in percentage of 1-repetition maximum (%1RM) for hypertrophy.

Practitioners should focus on increasing the number of sets rather than intensity for hypertrophy gains.

Both linear and undulating-periodized resistance training programs improve basal glycemia in older adults, with reductions of -11.1 mg·dL-1 for linear training and -5.7 mg·dL-1 for undulating-periodized training.

Practitioners can utilize either training program to help improve blood sugar levels in older adults.

The undulating-periodized resistance training program significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by -4.5 mmHg and -4.0 mmHg, respectively.

The undulating-periodized training can be effective for lowering blood pressure in older adults.

Nutritional interventions can promote fatty acid oxidation and modify subsequent exercise capacity.

Implementing specific nutritional strategies may enhance fat utilization and improve performance in athletes.

Short-term and long-term adaptation to a high-fat diet affects metabolism, training capacity, and performance during endurance and ultra-endurance exercise.

Athletes may benefit from both short-term and long-term high-fat dietary strategies to enhance endurance performance.

Decreased diabetes risk was associated with reductions in body weight, BMI, and central body fat distribution after lifestyle intervention.

Reducing body weight and central fat through lifestyle changes can significantly lower diabetes risk.

A Mediterranean-style diet reduced the need for glucose-lowering drugs more than a low-fat diet in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners may consider recommending a Mediterranean-style diet to patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes to potentially reduce the need for glucose-lowering medications.

Time restricted eating (TRE) will not be inferior to current practice (CP) in improving glycaemic control in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

TRE may be a viable alternative dietary strategy for improving glucose control in at-risk individuals.