Browse the evidence

Metabolic surgery is more effective than lifestyle or medical management in achieving glycemic control, sustained weight loss, and reducing diabetes comorbidities.

Practitioners should consider metabolic surgery as a treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes who do not respond to lifestyle or medical management.

Intentional weight loss of 10% can potentially decrease A1C% by 0.81 among patients with type 2 DM.

Clinicians can use this information to encourage patients with type 2 DM to achieve a 10% weight loss to improve A1C levels.

Weight loss of 6.5 kg, 12.2 kg, and 15.9 kg is required to reduce A1C% by 0.5, 1, and 1.5, respectively.

Clinicians can guide patients on specific weight loss targets to achieve desired A1C reductions.

Lifestyle modifications can lead to reduced levels of glucose, blood pressure, and some lipids.

Implementing lifestyle changes can improve key health metrics in diabetic patients.

Dapagliflozin treatment is associated with weight reduction and a low propensity to cause hypoglycemia.

Dapagliflozin may help patients lose weight while minimizing the risk of low blood sugar.

Low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets demonstrate benefits in terms of obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic derangement.

Practitioners may consider recommending low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets for improving metabolic health.

Obesity surgery is indicated for patients with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m² or BMI ≥ 35 kg/m² with obesity-related comorbidities.

Practitioners should consider obesity surgery for patients meeting these BMI criteria and with relevant comorbidities.

Metabolic surgery for type 2 diabetes is indicated for patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² and as a primary indication for those with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m².

Practitioners should evaluate metabolic surgery for diabetic patients who meet these BMI criteria.

Limiting saturated fatty acids intake to <10% of total caloric intake in obesity and <7% in hypercholesterolemia is recommended.

Practitioners should advise patients to limit saturated fat intake according to these guidelines.

Daily dietary fiber intake should reach a level of 25-40 g.

Encourage patients to increase their dietary fiber intake to meet these levels.

Sugar, particularly fructose, is argued to be a significant cause of obesity and diabetes.

Health professionals should consider the impact of sugar, particularly fructose, in dietary recommendations for preventing obesity and diabetes.

Bariatric surgery leads to a higher remission rate for type 2 diabetes mellitus than non-surgical treatment.

Bariatric surgery should be considered for patients with type 2 diabetes who are not achieving remission through non-surgical methods.

Exercise and diet are effective low-cost treatment options for controlling hyperglycemic episodes in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners should consider incorporating exercise and dietary changes as primary strategies for managing blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.

A single bout of either resistance or endurance exercise reduces the prevalence and duration of hyperglycemic excursions in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Encouraging patients to engage in both resistance and endurance exercise can help manage their blood sugar levels effectively.

Diets containing high-GI carbohydrates are independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes onset.

Advising patients to limit high-GI carbohydrate intake may reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

INV-202 exhibited significant reductions in waist circumference and BMI (P ≤ 0.03).

INV-202 may help reduce waist circumference and BMI in this population.

Older ICU patients seldom meet the recommended protein intake.

Increase protein provision for older ICU patients to meet recommendations.

Individualized FATmax training reduced body fat% in older women with type 2 diabetes (p<0.001).

Practitioners can consider FATmax training as an effective method for reducing body fat in older women with type 2 diabetes.

Individualized FATmax training improved insulin resistance in older women with type 2 diabetes (p<0.001).

FATmax training may be recommended to improve insulin sensitivity in this population.

Clinical data supporting the use of various FDA-approved medications for weight loss are presented.

Practitioners can rely on clinical data when prescribing FDA-approved weight loss medications.

For trials with a mean BMI ≥35, LDL cholesterol decreased by 7 mg/dL on a low-carbohydrate diet.

Practitioners should note that low-carbohydrate diets may lower LDL cholesterol in individuals with high BMI.

High total protein intake is associated with low CVD morbidity (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82-0.94).

Encouraging higher protein intake may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Greater volume load (VL) plays a primary role for hypertrophy, regardless of interset rest interval.

Emphasizing volume load in training can enhance muscle growth, irrespective of rest intervals.

High fasting plasma glucose, low fruit intake, and low whole grain intake follow as significant causes of cardiometabolic mortality across all nations.

Encouraging higher intake of fruits and whole grains may help reduce cardiometabolic mortality.