Browse the evidence

Aging and muscle disuse lead to the development of anabolic resistance and contribute to the loss of skeletal muscle mass.

Awareness of anabolic resistance is crucial for designing interventions for older adults or those with muscle disuse.

Skeletal muscle mass is determined by meal- and contraction-induced alterations of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown.

Nutrition and exercise strategies should focus on optimizing protein synthesis and minimizing breakdown for muscle maintenance.

Calorie restriction did not compromise aerobic capacity as measured by V˙O2max in healthy nonobese adults.

Calorie restriction can be safely implemented without negatively affecting aerobic fitness.

Calorie restriction led to decreases in absolute muscle strength but increases when expressed relative to body mass.

Practitioners should consider the relative strength improvements when advising on calorie restriction.

The share of prescriptions for semaglutide (Wegovy) increased to 27.7% among advanced practice practitioners (APPs) by February 2024.

Practitioners should consider the growing preference for semaglutide in obesity treatment.

The study of exercise as a preventative or therapeutic treatment is increasingly interdisciplinary and impactful.

Researchers and practitioners should collaborate across disciplines to enhance exercise interventions.

Vegan diets can be health-promoting and may offer certain important advantages compared to typical Western eating patterns.

Health professionals should recognize the potential health benefits of vegan diets.

A precise and practical vegan nutrition guide for health professionals is lacking.

There is an urgent need for health professionals to have access to a vegan nutrition guide.

There is no single mode of physical activity that is superior for weight loss or prevention of weight gain.

Advise clients that various forms of physical activity can be effective for weight management, and they should choose what they enjoy.

Combined weekly relative volume load was different between weeks based on RPE stop reductions.

Training volume can be adjusted weekly based on RPE.

Higher levels of linoleic acid (LA) were significantly associated with lower risks of total cardiovascular disease (CVD) with a hazard ratio of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.88-0.99).

Increasing dietary intake of linoleic acid may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Higher levels of linoleic acid (LA) were associated with lower cardiovascular mortality with a hazard ratio of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.70-0.85).

Higher linoleic acid intake may contribute to reduced cardiovascular mortality.

In psoriasis, 4 of 5 clinical studies demonstrated significant improvements in Psoriasis Area Severity Index and weight/body mass index.

GLP-1 receptor agonists may significantly improve psoriasis severity and contribute to weight loss.

Improvements in muscle quality index (MQI) after 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) are associated with increases in phase angle (PhA).

Practitioners can use phase angle as a valid indicator of muscle quality improvements in older women undergoing resistance training.

The diet beneficially altered microbiota-derived plasma metabolites implicated in chronic non-communicable diseases.

Practitioners may consider the impact of dietary choices on metabolites that influence chronic disease risk.

Resistance training led to a significant increase in interleukin-10 by 51.8% and a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha by 15.2% in older women.

Resistance training may improve inflammatory markers in older women.

Elevated body mass index and weight gain are associated with increased risk of postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Practitioners should consider BMI and weight gain as significant risk factors for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

The odds of discontinuation of glucose-lowering medications at year 1 differed by bMVPA timing, with the afternoon group having the highest odds (odds ratio 2.13).

Understanding the timing of physical activity may help in managing medication strategies for diabetes patients.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases the risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Practitioners should monitor T2D risk in patients with NAFLD.

A comprehensive weight loss program can reduce weight by 6% to 7% but confers no clinically significant effects compared with standard care.

Practitioners should note that while weight loss programs can lead to some weight reduction, they may not result in significant clinical improvements.

Isometric elbow flexion strength was greater for the internal focus group, while isometric knee extension strength was greater for the external focus group.

Different focus strategies may be employed to target specific strength adaptations.

The risk of MACE decreases after approximately 20% of weight loss in nonsurgical patients.

Practitioners should aim for at least 20% weight loss in nonsurgical patients to reduce cardiovascular risk.

Resistance training performed 3 times per week (RT3) and 6 times per week (RT6) produce similar increases in upper-body strength (+4% for RT3 and +6% for RT6) and lower-body strength (+22% for RT3 and +18% for RT6) over a 6-week period.

Trainers can implement either 3 or 6 training sessions per week without compromising strength gains.

Superior muscle gains might be achieved with a single set of drop sets compared to three sets of conventional resistance training.

Practitioners may consider incorporating drop sets for potentially greater muscle gains in less time.