Browse the evidence

The rate of fat oxidation increased significantly on day 4 after the high-fat diet.

A high-fat diet can enhance fat oxidation rates in endurance athletes.

Replacing carbohydrate (CHO) with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) slowed the time trials from 66.8 +/- 0.4 min to 72.1 +/- 0.6 min (P < 0.001).

Endurance athletes should be cautious about replacing carbohydrates with MCTs as it may impair performance.

Adding MCTs to ingested CHO reduced total CHO oxidation rates from 14 +/- 1 to 10 +/- 1 mmol/min at 2 h (P < 0.01).

Incorporating MCTs may lead to a reduced reliance on carbohydrate oxidation during prolonged exercise.

Leucine has received the most attention among BCAAs for its ability to stimulate the initial acute anabolic response.

Practitioners may consider leucine as a key component in BCAA supplementation for its anabolic properties.

The efficacy of BCAA supplementation has been a source of controversy in the sports nutrition field.

Practitioners should be cautious and consider the ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness of BCAA supplementation.

A ban on SNAP purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages would significantly reduce obesity prevalence and type 2 diabetes incidence.

Lawmakers should consider implementing a ban on sugar-sweetened beverages in SNAP to combat obesity and diabetes.

The subsidy could more than double the proportion of SNAP participants meeting federal vegetable and fruit consumption guidelines.

Implementing a subsidy could significantly improve fruit and vegetable intake among SNAP participants.

Higher circulating biomarkers of seafood-derived n-3 fatty acids, including EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum, were associated with lower risk of T2D.

Practitioners should consider recommending seafood-derived n-3 fatty acids to potentially lower T2D risk.

EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum were associated with lower T2D incidence with hazard ratios of 0.92, 0.79, 0.82, and 0.81 respectively.

The specific hazard ratios suggest that increasing levels of these fatty acids may significantly reduce T2D risk.

Training resulted in progressive increases in muscle GLUT-4 with increasing training duration (PRE<5D<31D; P<0.01).

Endurance training increases GLUT-4 levels in skeletal muscle, enhancing glucose uptake.

Muscle GLUT-1 content was increased (P<0.05) after training; however, the increase was not observed until 31D (131%).

GLUT-1 levels in skeletal muscle increase significantly after 31 days of endurance training.

Increases in muscle hexokinase (HK) activity were complete by 5D (P<0.01).

Hexokinase activity increases rapidly with endurance training, indicating enhanced glucose metabolism.

T2DM is associated with less leg fat mass (-1.2 +/- 0.4 kg, P < 0.01) and greater trunk fat mass (+1.1 +/- 0.4 kg, P < 0.05) compared to non-diabetic individuals.

Understanding fat distribution can help tailor interventions for weight management in T2DM patients.

ChamberTEE was approximately 20% lower than dietTEE and isotopeTEE.

Practitioners should consider that different methods of measuring energy expenditure yield significantly different results.

There was no significant difference in the rating of perceived exertion between partial and full back squat exercises at 10RM.

Both squat variations can be used interchangeably without affecting perceived exertion.

The range of motion in the back squat alters muscle activation of the prime mover and stabilizers when performed with load equated on a relative basis.

Adjusting the range of motion in squats can optimize muscle activation for specific goals.

Age-related loss of muscle mass, strength, and performance, known as sarcopenia, has serious implications for morbidity and mortality.

Understanding the health risks associated with sarcopenia can guide interventions.

Anabolic resistance is implicated in the progression of age-related muscle loss and its complications.

Addressing anabolic resistance may help mitigate muscle loss in aging populations.

A significant improvement was observed in eating behavior in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.

Probiotic supplementation may help improve eating behaviors in this population.

Serum levels of oxytocin increased and NPY decreased significantly in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.

Probiotics may positively influence appetite-regulating hormones in obese women with food addiction.

Current and future health professionals need to be better prepared to advise and teach patients enhanced self-care skills.

Health educators should implement novel strategies to enhance self-care education.

The weighted mean energy of restaurant meals was lower only in China (719 kcal) compared to the US (1088 kcal; P<0.001).

Practitioners should consider regional differences in meal energy content when advising clients.

Fast food meals contained 33% less energy than full service meals (P<0.001).

Fast food options may be perceived as lower in energy, which could influence dietary choices.

Male athletes generally ingest adequate dietary energy to meet their daily energy expenditure and all vitamin and mineral needs.

Male athletes should be confident that their energy intake meets their needs.