Browse the evidence

The odds of discontinuation of glucose-lowering medications at year 1 differed by bMVPA timing, with the afternoon group having the highest odds (odds ratio 2.13).

Understanding the timing of physical activity may help in managing medication strategies for diabetes patients.

Consumption of fish and marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) lowers systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure.

Incorporating fish or n-3 PUFAs into the diet may help lower blood pressure.

Fish or fish oil intake may improve cardiac diastolic filling and reduce resting heart rate.

Fish or fish oil may be beneficial for improving heart function and reducing heart rate.

Resistance exercise induces satellite cell expansion associated with type I fibres 24 and 48 hours post-exercise.

Resistance exercise is effective for promoting muscle health in older adults.

Resting muscle glycogen levels were elevated on day 3 but not on day 5 compared to day 1.

Monitoring glycogen levels is crucial for understanding recovery in trained athletes.

Exercise capacity was enhanced on days 3 and 5 compared with day 1.

Trainers may consider that exercise capacity can improve with repeated bouts, even if glycogen supercompensation does not occur.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases the risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Practitioners should monitor T2D risk in patients with NAFLD.

Current evidence suggests a potential role for low-GI carbohydrates in weight-reducing regimens.

Low-GI carbohydrates could be integrated into weight loss programs.

A comprehensive weight loss program can reduce weight by 6% to 7% but confers no clinically significant effects compared with standard care.

Practitioners should note that while weight loss programs can lead to some weight reduction, they may not result in significant clinical improvements.

Isometric elbow flexion strength was greater for the internal focus group, while isometric knee extension strength was greater for the external focus group.

Different focus strategies may be employed to target specific strength adaptations.

Lifestyle changes alone yield unsatisfactory long-term results for weight loss and glycemic control.

Healthcare providers should consider the limitations of lifestyle interventions for long-term weight management and diabetes control.

The risk of MACE decreases after approximately 20% of weight loss in nonsurgical patients.

Practitioners should aim for at least 20% weight loss in nonsurgical patients to reduce cardiovascular risk.

The trajectory of percent weight change during caloric restriction can be modeled using simple nonlinear functions based on age, total daily energy expenditure, percent caloric restriction, and sex.

Counselors can tailor weight loss expectations based on individual characteristics.

Resistance training performed 3 times per week (RT3) and 6 times per week (RT6) produce similar increases in upper-body strength (+4% for RT3 and +6% for RT6) and lower-body strength (+22% for RT3 and +18% for RT6) over a 6-week period.

Trainers can implement either 3 or 6 training sessions per week without compromising strength gains.

Central arterial stiffness was reduced after resistance training, regardless of the load lifted during RET.

Resistance training can be beneficial for improving central arterial stiffness, regardless of the weight used.

Total body water increased by 7.8% in men and 7.6% in women after 16 weeks of resistance training.

Resistance training can improve hydration status in young adults.

Bioimpedance resistance decreased by 4.8% in men and 3.8% in women after 16 weeks of resistance training.

Resistance training may enhance cellular function as indicated by decreased bioimpedance resistance.

Endpoints predominantly driven by liraglutide-induced weight loss include waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, AHI, and health-related quality of life scores.

Liraglutide treatment can lead to improvements in various health metrics related to weight loss.

Superior muscle gains might be achieved with a single set of drop sets compared to three sets of conventional resistance training.

Practitioners may consider incorporating drop sets for potentially greater muscle gains in less time.

The eating inventory's factors hunger and restraint successfully discriminated attrition/adherence groups in patients on a very low calorie diet.

Practitioners can use the eating inventory to identify patients at risk of nonadherence to VLCDs.

Subjects with higher scores on disinhibition and hunger and lower scores on restraint had poorer outcomes.

Monitoring disinhibition and hunger can help predict patient outcomes in VLCD programs.

Increasing polyunsaturated fat intake in place of carbohydrates is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 0.90 per 5% of energy).

Replacing carbohydrates with polyunsaturated fats may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.

There is a U-shaped association between the percentage energy consumed from total carbohydrate and new-onset hypertension, with the lowest risk observed at 50% to 55% carbohydrate intake.

Practitioners should consider recommending a balanced carbohydrate intake of 50% to 55% to minimize hypertension risk.

Increased risks of new-onset hypertension were mainly found in those with lower intake of high-quality carbohydrate or higher intake of low-quality carbohydrate.

Encouraging higher intake of high-quality carbohydrates may help reduce hypertension risk.