Browse the evidence

Bariatric surgery results in a mean weight loss of −22.68 kg compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Bariatric surgery may be more effective than GLP-1 receptor agonists for significant weight loss.

Tirzepatide treatment was associated with greater decreases in glycated hemoglobin and body weight compared to GLP-1 RA.

Practitioners can expect tirzepatide to be more effective in managing blood sugar and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Tirzepatide (15 mg once weekly) resulted in weight loss of up to 17.8% after 72 weeks of therapy.

Tirzepatide is an effective option for weight loss in adults without diabetes.

Semaglutide (2.4 mg once weekly) resulted in weight loss of up to 13.9% after 68 weeks.

Semaglutide is a viable weight loss treatment for adults without diabetes.

GLP-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists are efficacious for weight loss with safety concerns predominantly gastrointestinal.

Practitioners should consider GLP-1 RAs for weight management, noting gastrointestinal side effects.

Lifestyle and behavioral modification for obesity and/or PDWG in psychiatric populations is effective.

Encouraging lifestyle changes can be beneficial for patients experiencing PDWG.

Among the 62 associations between diet and cardiometabolic disease (CMD), 10 foods, 3 beverages, and 12 nutrients had at least probable evidence of associations with coronary heart disease, stroke, and/or diabetes.

Dietary guidance can be informed by these associations to help reduce the risk of CMD.

Twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced a significant mean decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration of -13.9 mg/dL after 8 weeks.

Clinicians may recommend a vegan diet to lower LDL cholesterol levels in patients.

Twins on the vegan diet experienced a significant mean decrease in body weight of -1.9 kg after 8 weeks.

Clinicians may recommend a vegan diet for weight loss in patients.

Practical interventions focused on dietary protein manipulation are proposed to prevent the onset of anabolic resistance.

Implementing dietary changes can be a proactive approach to combat age-related muscle loss.

Once-weekly cagrilintide-semaglutide (at a dose of 2.4 mg each) resulted in a significantly lower body weight than placebo in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners can consider cagrilintide-semaglutide as an effective treatment for weight management in this population.

More patients in the cagrilintide-semaglutide group than in the placebo group had a weight reduction of 5% or more.

Cagrilintide-semaglutide may be particularly effective for achieving clinically significant weight loss.

The percentage of patients who had a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.5% or less was significantly higher in the cagrilintide-semaglutide group compared to the placebo group.

This treatment may significantly improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Resistance training (RT) can elicit similar health benefits to aerobic training (AT).

Practitioners should consider incorporating RT alongside AT for optimal health benefits.

Engaging in resistance training can improve healthy aging, mobility, cognitive function, cancer survivorship, and metabolic health.

Incorporating RT can enhance various aspects of health, particularly in at-risk populations.

Regular resistance training is associated with a lower mortality risk.

Encouraging regular RT can be a strategy to reduce mortality risk.

Poor nutrition is the leading cause of poor health, health care spending, and lost productivity in the United States and globally.

Practitioners should prioritize addressing nutrition to improve health outcomes.

Semaglutide is associated with significant weight reductions primarily due to fat mass loss.

Practitioners can expect semaglutide to primarily aid in fat loss for overweight or obese patients.

The proportion of lean mass relative to total body mass increased, suggesting a positive overall outcome.

The increase in lean mass proportion may indicate that semaglutide can help maintain muscle relative to fat loss.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) added 0.06 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and reduced total cost by $33,583 relative to semaglutide.

This indicates that ESG not only provides health benefits but also reduces overall treatment costs.

Semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly significantly reduces Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) in obese patients without type 2 diabetes, independent of the magnitude of weight loss.

If you have obesity (BMI ≥ 27) but no diabetes, weekly semaglutide (2.4 mg) is a proven therapy to significantly lower your risk of heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular death. This benefit happens through direct protection of your blood vessels and reduction of inflammation, not just by making you lose weight. To get the best results, you must pair the medication with a gradual dose increase to minimize stomach issues, and you must actively engage in resistance training and eat enough protein to prevent muscle loss.

A target of 10–15% weight loss is recommended for people with BMI 30–40 kg/m2 or abdominal obesity without complications.

Practitioners should aim for a 10-15% weight loss in this patient group.

For people with BMI 30–40 kg/m2 or abdominal obesity and complications, a weight loss target of 10–15% body weight is recommended.

Practitioners should target a 10-15% weight loss for this patient group.

A weight loss target of > 15% is recommended for those with BMI > 40 kg/m2 and complications.

Practitioners should aim for more than 15% weight loss in this patient group and consider referral to specialists.