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No association was found with other disorders of the optic nerve or visual pathways.

Other optic nerve or visual pathway disorders are not linked to semaglutide or tirzepatide use.

There were no significant changes in testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels after the resistance training program.

Resistance training may not significantly affect testosterone and IGF-1 levels in older women.

Continuous positive airway pressure therapy is the most widely prescribed treatment for obstructive sleep apnea.

Clinicians should consider CPAP as a first-line treatment for patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

GIP antagonism has been shown to reduce the development of obesity in preclinical models.

GIP antagonism could be a potential strategy for obesity treatment.

There is a need to end disparities in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality related to race, sex, and income inequality.

Healthcare systems should implement strategies to reduce these disparities.

Fatty acids increase GDF15 levels dose dependently, with the greatest response observed with linolenic acid.

Incorporating fatty acids like linolenic acid may enhance GDF15 levels, potentially influencing dietary responses.

The effect of linolenic acid on food intake and body mass disappears in mice lacking the GDF15 receptor GFRAL.

The presence of the GFRAL receptor is essential for the appetite-suppressing effects of linolenic acid.

Semaglutide did not increase or reduce the risk of eye disorders (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91-1.12) or diabetic retinopathy (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.92-1.17).

Semaglutide can be considered safe regarding eye disorders and diabetic retinopathy.

The SMM/ICW ratio did not change in either the creatine or placebo group.

Creatine does not affect the ratio of intracellular water to muscle mass in resistance-trained individuals.

There was no significant association between carbohydrate intake and mortality (p trend =0.69).

Carbohydrate intake may not be a significant factor in overall mortality for this demographic.

Whey and pea protein compared to water supplementation had no significant effects on post-exercise delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) and fitness tests.

Protein supplementation may not significantly reduce muscle soreness or improve fitness performance after exercise.

Manufacturer discounts for GLP1s approved for obesity were estimated at 41%, resulting in net prices of $717 to $761 per month of supply.

Practitioners should consider the significant discounts when discussing GLP1s with patients.

Manufacturer discounts for GLP1s approved for type 2 diabetes ranged from 54% to 59%, leading to net prices of $312 to $469 per month of supply.

Practitioners should be aware of the cost implications of GLP1s for type 2 diabetes when advising patients.

The magnitude of manufacturer discounts highlights the importance of considering net price information in coverage decision-making for GLP1s.

Healthcare decision-makers should factor in net prices when evaluating GLP1 coverage options.

Patients who had bariatric surgery for morbid obesity after liver transplantation had a 16% post-bariatric surgery major complication rate.

Caution is advised for patients undergoing bariatric surgery after liver transplantation due to a higher complication rate.

Dietary intake of total protein was not significantly associated with the risk of total coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypertension (HTN).

Total protein intake does not appear to increase the risk of CHD or HTN.

Gastrointestinal adverse events occur commonly with semaglutide, and other serious adverse events have been reported.

Healthcare providers should monitor patients for gastrointestinal and other serious adverse events while on semaglutide.

Dietary intake and biomarkers of total fat and saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were not associated with the risk of coronary events.

Practitioners should note that total fat and specific fatty acids do not appear to influence coronary event risk.

Challenges to scaling FIM programs include incorporating them into health care business models and educating the health care workforce.

Stakeholders should focus on developing business models and training programs to effectively scale FIM interventions.

The rate of hospitalisations for SAP was 25.3% during the reference period before surgery.

Understanding pre-surgery hospitalisation rates can help gauge the impact of bariatric surgery.

The rate of hospitalisations for SAP remained stable in the 12-month presurgery period.

The stability of hospitalisation rates before surgery suggests a consistent health status in this population.

The development of new uses and long-lasting preparations of GLP-1 drugs is crucial for future market potential.

Practitioners should stay informed about new formulations and uses of GLP-1 drugs to leverage their market potential.

No recent or older studies show any effect of nutritional interventions on muscle protein gain.

Nutritional interventions may not be effective for muscle protein gain in ICU patients.

Existing pharmacologic formulations for obesity have not provided optimal clinical efficacy and have had many concerning adverse effects.

Practitioners should be aware of the limitations and adverse effects of current obesity pharmacotherapies.