Browse the evidence

Combined bench press, squat, and deadlift volumes were significantly higher with greater RPE stop reductions.

Higher volume training can be achieved by adjusting RPE stops.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group had a significantly greater 6-month reduction in HbA1c of -0.23% compared to the usual diet group.

A low-carbohydrate diet may be effective in reducing HbA1c levels in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group experienced a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose of -10.3 mg/dL.

Implementing a low-carbohydrate diet may help lower fasting plasma glucose levels in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group had a significant reduction in body weight of -5.9 kg.

A low-carbohydrate diet may contribute to significant weight loss in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

Low muscle glycogen availability reduced power output by approximately 8% compared with normal glycogen availability.

Practitioners should be aware that low glycogen levels can significantly impair high-intensity cycling performance.

Caffeine ingestion increased power output by 2.8% for normal glycogen and 3.5% for low glycogen.

Caffeine can be an effective supplement to enhance cycling performance, even with low glycogen levels.

Dietary interventions were beneficial for weight control in overweight and obese adolescents with PCOS.

Practitioners can consider dietary interventions for weight management in adolescents with PCOS.

GLP-1 receptor agonists safely cause weight loss and have potential weight-independent anti-inflammatory effects.

Practitioners may consider GLP-1 receptor agonists as a treatment option for weight loss and inflammation in these patient populations.

Significant increases were observed in phase angle (PhA), muscle quality index (MQI), muscular strength, muscle mass, and reactance after 12 weeks of resistance training.

Resistance training can lead to significant improvements in various physical health metrics in older women.

A diet that recapitulated key characteristics of non-industrialized dietary patterns improved gut microbiome interactions and provided cardiometabolic benefits.

Practitioners may consider recommending dietary patterns that mimic non-industrialized diets to improve gut health and cardiometabolic outcomes.

Primary prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be achievable through the implementation of early and sustainable measures.

Implement early and sustainable prevention measures for at-risk individuals.

Intensive, multicomponent behavioural interventions for overweight and obese adults can lead to weight loss.

Encourage intensive behavioral interventions for weight management in obese adults.

Nutrition education is the cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle.

Incorporate nutrition education into health promotion strategies.

Higher protein intakes (2-3 times the protein RDA of 0.8 g/kg/d) during energy restriction can enhance fat-free mass (FFM) preservation.

Athletes should increase protein intake significantly during weight loss to preserve muscle mass.

Post-exercise consumption of 0.25-0.3 g protein meal(-1) from high leucine content sources is recommended to optimize muscle protein synthesis.

Athletes should consume specific amounts of protein after exercise to maximize muscle recovery.

Resistance training for 12 weeks significantly increased phase angle by 7.4% in older women compared to a control group which experienced a decrease of 3.6%.

Incorporating resistance training can enhance cellular health in older women.

Cholesterol reduction combined with aggressive management of modifiable risk factors can help reduce and prevent morbidity and mortality in individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Practitioners should focus on cholesterol reduction and managing lifestyle factors to improve cardiovascular health.

Therapeutic lifestyle change is the mainstay of management for all patients with dyslipidaemia.

Healthcare providers should prioritize lifestyle modifications in treating dyslipidaemia.

Aerobic exercise increased from 63 to 132 minutes/week from baseline to 3 months.

Implementing technology-based self-monitoring can effectively increase aerobic activity in midlife women.

Activity was maintained at 6 months at 135 minutes/week.

Long-term engagement in physical activity can be achieved with the right interventions.

Weight loss and fat mass loss through lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions improve metabolic and inflammatory markers, suggesting a link to decreased breast cancer risk.

Practitioners should encourage weight loss and fat mass reduction as strategies to lower breast cancer risk.

bMVPA performed in the afternoon is associated with a greater reduction in HbA1c compared to inactive individuals, with a reduction of -0.22%.

Practitioners may consider recommending afternoon physical activity to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Modest consumption of fish or fish oil supplementation lowers the incidence of cardiac death and possibly other cardiovascular events.

Encouraging modest fish consumption or fish oil supplementation may reduce the risk of cardiac death and cardiovascular events.

Whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training leads to a 4.8% increase in skeletal muscle mass in older women compared to a 2.3% increase with placebo.

Practitioners should consider whey protein supplementation to enhance muscle mass in older women undergoing resistance training.