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Preventing weight gain and reducing weight are important for lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals with a BMI of 22 or greater.

Healthcare providers should focus on weight management strategies for individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

The new glycemia targeted specialized supplement (GTSS) produced a 25% reduction in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of postprandial blood glucose (PPG) compared to a standardized breakfast.

Using GTSS as a breakfast replacement may help lower postprandial blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Mean weight loss among patients taking liraglutide for at least 3 months was 7.6 kg (7.9%).

Liraglutide can be an effective part of a weight management plan for patients with obesity.

Patients treated for more than 6 months lost significantly more weight (8.6 kg) compared to those treated for less than 6 months (6.2 kg).

Longer treatment with liraglutide may lead to greater weight loss.

Liraglutide, along with lifestyle intervention, is a good option for weight management in the majority of patients with obesity.

Integrating liraglutide with lifestyle changes can improve weight management outcomes.

Superset training reduces session duration by approximately 50% compared to traditional resistance training.

Practitioners can recommend superset training as a time-efficient alternative to traditional resistance training.

Chronic data generally indicate that supersets and traditional resistance training lead to similar adaptations for endurance, hypertrophy, power, and strength.

Both training modalities can be used interchangeably for long-term adaptations.

Mean plasma leucine incremental area under curve was greater following rBLG compared with whey.

rBLG may provide a superior source of leucine compared to whey, potentially enhancing muscle protein synthesis.

Training-induced changes in leg lean body mass and leg press 1RM increased after training with no differences between rBLG and whey groups.

Both rBLG and whey can effectively support muscle gains from resistance training.

There is a relationship between the consumption of ultra processed foods and the prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and cancer.

Awareness of the health risks associated with ultra processed foods is crucial for public health initiatives.

Nutritional and food education is an important complementary therapeutic approach in promoting health and preventing complications in individuals with severe obesity.

Practitioners should incorporate nutritional and food education into treatment plans for severe obesity.

The intervention led to greater understanding and motivation for dietary changes among families.

Family involvement in nutritional education can enhance adherence to dietary changes.

Home-based exercise may improve upper-body strength (SMD = 0.39) and lower-body strength (SMD = 0.42) in older adults.

Practitioners can consider home-based exercise programs to enhance strength in older adults.

Home-based exercise may improve aerobic fitness (SMD = 0.42) in older adults.

Home-based exercise can be recommended to improve aerobic fitness in older adults.

Whey protein- and leucine-enriched multi-nutrient formulas high in vitamin D3 improve lean mass, strength, and physical function in older adults with sarcopenia.

Practitioners should consider incorporating whey protein and leucine-enriched formulas in nutritional interventions for older adults with sarcopenia.

Specific formulas used with rehabilitation programs can alleviate sarcopenic obesity and support skeletal bone.

Incorporating specific nutritional formulas in rehabilitation may enhance outcomes for sarcopenic obesity.

Whey protein- and leucine-enriched multi-nutrient formulas high in vitamin D3 are optimal for treating sarcopenia.

These formulas should be prioritized in nutritional strategies for sarcopenia management.

Evidence of individual response variation can lead to improved exercise prescription.

Practitioners can tailor exercise programs based on individual responses to training.

Substitution of LNCSBs for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with lower incidence of obesity (RR, 0.88) and coronary heart disease (RR, 0.89).

Replacing SSBs with LNCSBs may reduce obesity and heart disease risk.

Substitution of water for SSBs showed lower weight (MD, -0.10 kg/y) and lower incidence of obesity (RR, 0.85).

Encouraging water over SSBs can aid in weight loss and reduce obesity risk.

Time restricted eating (TRE) will not be inferior to current practice (CP) in improving glycaemic control in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

TRE may be a viable alternative dietary strategy for improving glucose control in at-risk individuals.

Semaglutide is endorsed for obesity treatment following its FDA approval for type 2 diabetes.

Health practitioners can consider semaglutide as a treatment option for obesity.

The Healthy Weight for Living (HWL) intervention resulted in a mean 6-month weight change of −8.8% for HWL and −8.0% for HWL + meal replacements (MR), both significantly better than controls (p < 0.001).

Implementing the HWL intervention can lead to significant weight loss in workplace settings.

Clinically meaningful weight loss (≥5%) was maintained at 18 months in both intervention groups.

The HWL intervention can lead to sustained weight loss over an extended period.