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The traditional Mediterranean diet is consistently recommended for lower CVD risk.

Healthcare providers should recommend the Mediterranean diet as part of CVD risk reduction strategies.

Mean plasma leucine incremental area under curve was greater following rBLG compared with whey.

rBLG may provide a superior source of leucine compared to whey, potentially enhancing muscle protein synthesis.

Training-induced changes in leg lean body mass and leg press 1RM increased after training with no differences between rBLG and whey groups.

Both rBLG and whey can effectively support muscle gains from resistance training.

There is a relationship between the consumption of ultra processed foods and the prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and cancer.

Awareness of the health risks associated with ultra processed foods is crucial for public health initiatives.

A 15-week clinic-based weight loss program improved physical functioning by 6.2 ± 2.9 (p = 0.02; d = 0.31) in cancer survivors compared to a waitlist control group.

Clinicians can consider implementing clinic-based weight loss programs to enhance physical functioning in cancer survivors.

The weight loss program reduced insomnia symptoms by -17.1 ± 7.4 (p = 0.03; d = -0.30) compared to the waitlist control group.

Weight loss interventions may be beneficial for improving sleep quality in cancer survivors.

Nutritional and food education is an important complementary therapeutic approach in promoting health and preventing complications in individuals with severe obesity.

Practitioners should incorporate nutritional and food education into treatment plans for severe obesity.

The intervention led to greater understanding and motivation for dietary changes among families.

Family involvement in nutritional education can enhance adherence to dietary changes.

Having three or more visits with the MWLP provider was associated with successful loss of at least 5% of baseline weight.

Frequent engagement with healthcare providers may improve weight loss outcomes.

Home-based exercise may improve upper-body strength (SMD = 0.39) and lower-body strength (SMD = 0.42) in older adults.

Practitioners can consider home-based exercise programs to enhance strength in older adults.

Home-based exercise may improve aerobic fitness (SMD = 0.42) in older adults.

Home-based exercise can be recommended to improve aerobic fitness in older adults.

Whey protein- and leucine-enriched multi-nutrient formulas high in vitamin D3 improve lean mass, strength, and physical function in older adults with sarcopenia.

Practitioners should consider incorporating whey protein and leucine-enriched formulas in nutritional interventions for older adults with sarcopenia.

Specific formulas used with rehabilitation programs can alleviate sarcopenic obesity and support skeletal bone.

Incorporating specific nutritional formulas in rehabilitation may enhance outcomes for sarcopenic obesity.

Whey protein- and leucine-enriched multi-nutrient formulas high in vitamin D3 are optimal for treating sarcopenia.

These formulas should be prioritized in nutritional strategies for sarcopenia management.

An 8 mg • kg -1 dose of caffeine improves strength levels in the bench press, deadlift, and squats compared to a placebo.

Practitioners may consider recommending an 8 mg • kg -1 caffeine dose to enhance strength during resistance training.

Evidence of individual response variation can lead to improved exercise prescription.

Practitioners can tailor exercise programs based on individual responses to training.

Weekly progressions in the number of sets should be prioritized over progressions in percentage of 1-repetition maximum (%1RM) for hypertrophy.

Practitioners should focus on increasing the number of sets rather than intensity for hypertrophy gains.

There exists a minimum effective volume and an optimal level of volume for hypertrophy, which may be <5 sets and 10+ sets/week per muscle group, respectively.

Trainers should aim for at least 5 sets and no more than 10+ sets per week for optimal hypertrophy.

Long-term time-restricted feeding (TRF) can improve supramaximal exercise performance in young, well-trained men.

Practitioners may consider incorporating long-term TRF into training regimens for improved performance.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) leads to significant improvements in absolute mean power and total work during Wingate tests after 4 weeks.

Long-term TRF may enhance specific performance metrics in trained individuals.

Both linear and undulating-periodized resistance training programs improve basal glycemia in older adults, with reductions of -11.1 mg·dL-1 for linear training and -5.7 mg·dL-1 for undulating-periodized training.

Practitioners can utilize either training program to help improve blood sugar levels in older adults.

The undulating-periodized resistance training program significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by -4.5 mmHg and -4.0 mmHg, respectively.

The undulating-periodized training can be effective for lowering blood pressure in older adults.

Substitution of LNCSBs for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with lower incidence of obesity (RR, 0.88) and coronary heart disease (RR, 0.89).

Replacing SSBs with LNCSBs may reduce obesity and heart disease risk.

Substitution of water for SSBs showed lower weight (MD, -0.10 kg/y) and lower incidence of obesity (RR, 0.85).

Encouraging water over SSBs can aid in weight loss and reduce obesity risk.