Browse the evidence

GLP-1RA medications are effective in achieving optimal glucose control and reducing all-cause death, cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, hospitalization for heart failure, and end-stage kidney disease in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

GLP-1RA medications can be considered for improving glucose control and reducing serious health risks in diabetic patients.

NuSH-based therapies, including semaglutide and tirzepatide, are highly effective for the treatment of overweight (BMI >27 kg·m−2 with a health condition) and obesity (BMI >30 kg·m−2), with average weight loss exceeding that achieved with lifestyle modification alone.

Healthcare providers should consider prescribing NuSH-based therapies for patients struggling with overweight and obesity.

Chronic use of NuSH-based therapies may improve weight loss in patients who have not responded optimally or have experienced weight recurrence after metabolic/bariatric surgery.

Consider NuSH-based therapies for patients who have struggled with weight loss after surgery.

Physical activity should be promoted as a foundational component of care for patients receiving NuSH-based treatments for obesity.

Encourage physical activity as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for obesity.

The FDA has approved GLP-1R agonists, liraglutide and semaglutide, for the management of obesity.

Practitioners can consider GLP-1R agonists as viable pharmacological options for obesity management.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is the most effective intervention for weight loss.

RYGB should be considered for patients seeking significant weight loss.

Tirzepatide increases insulin secretion, reduces glucagon release, decreases fasting and postprandial glucose levels, promotes satiety, decreases body weight, and delays gastric emptying.

Tirzepatide can help manage blood sugar levels and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Tirzepatide consistently showed reductions in HbA1c and benefits with weight loss in clinical trials.

Tirzepatide is effective for improving glycemic control and promoting weight loss in type 2 diabetes patients.

In the ILI group, mean weight decreased by 8.0% (p<0.001) and VAT decreased by 7.7% (p=0.01).

Weight loss interventions can significantly reduce both weight and VAT in this population.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who followed a 3-month partial meal replacement plan achieved an average weight loss of 7.1±7.0kg at 12 months and 4.2±7.7kg at 24 months.

Implementing a partial meal replacement plan may aid in weight loss for patients with T2DM.

The proportion of participants meeting the criteria for diabetes remission increased from 8.8% at baseline to 32.4% at 24 months.

A structured dietary intervention may enhance the likelihood of diabetes remission in T2DM patients.

Bariatric interventions resulted in reductions in body mass index and hemoglobin A1c.

Bariatric surgery can lead to improvements in metabolic health markers.

Caffeine ingestion is the only strategy scientifically proven to enhance athletic performance.

Practitioners should consider caffeine as a viable option for enhancing athletic performance.

The three isocaloric eating patterns, differing in carbohydrate cellularity and amount, decreased visceral fat volume significantly and to a similar clinically relevant degree.

Practitioners can consider various isocaloric diets for reducing visceral fat in obese patients.

Waist circumference was reduced to a significantly greater degree in the LCHF vs. acellular group at 6 months.

LCHF diets may be more effective for reducing waist circumference compared to acellular carbohydrate diets.

An intervention focused on reducing eating rate, energy density, and increasing steps was effective for weight loss.

Practitioners can consider interventions that focus on eating rate and physical activity for weight loss.

All examined parameters were improved by the intervention, significant for all parameters by the second follow-up.

Interventions can lead to comprehensive health improvements in military settings.

Lifestyle modifications are suggested to be the best way to fight against cardiovascular disease.

Practitioners should prioritize lifestyle changes over pharmacological interventions for CVD prevention.

Energy intake of the slow-ER/low-ED meal was 573 kcal (50%) lower compared to the fast-ER/high-ED meal.

Practitioners should consider the impact of meal energy density and eating rate on energy intake when designing meal plans.

A slow-ER and low-ED reduced energy intake by 59% compared to the control meal.

Incorporating slower eating rates and lower energy density foods can significantly reduce caloric intake.

A fast-ER/high-ED increased energy intake by 19% compared to the control meal.

Fast eating rates and higher energy density foods can lead to increased caloric intake, which should be considered in dietary recommendations.

Exercisers lost more weight and body fat than non-exercisers.

Incorporating aerobic exercise can enhance weight and fat loss in moderately obese women.

Subjects consuming 1.75 g·kg−1·d−1 of protein (DEF-HP) lost 0.3 kg less lean mass and 0.4 kg more fat compared to those consuming 1.0 g·kg−1·d−1 (DEF) during a 1000 kcal·d−1 energy deficit.

Higher protein intake during an energy deficit may help preserve lean mass while promoting fat loss.

The DEF group was in negative nitrogen balance at both 5 and 12 days, indicating insufficient dietary protein.

Insufficient protein intake can lead to negative nitrogen balance during energy deficits.