Browse the evidence

Lean mass remained stable in some cases, but notable reductions were observed in others, ranging from almost 0% to 40% of total weight reduction.

Clinicians should monitor lean mass changes in patients using semaglutide, as results can vary significantly.

Remission was greater in younger participants and those with shorter diabetes duration, higher C-peptide levels, higher HOMA %B, and lower insulin usage at baseline.

Younger patients and those with better baseline metabolic health may achieve better outcomes post-surgery.

Controlling for weight lost, diabetes remission remained nearly 4-fold higher after RYGB compared with LAGB.

RYGB may offer superior long-term diabetes remission compared to LAGB, independent of weight loss.

Central fat build-up in ordinary/overweight populations is related to increased occurrences of myocardial infarction, heart failure, or all-cause mortality compared to the obese population.

Clinicians should consider fat distribution when assessing cardiovascular risk in patients.

Patients undergoing metabolic surgery have a lower risk of death compared to those who do not undergo surgery.

Metabolic surgery may improve survival rates in patients with severe obesity and a history of myocardial infarction.

Metabolic surgery is associated with a lower risk of new myocardial infarction.

Metabolic surgery may significantly reduce the risk of recurrent myocardial infarction in this patient group.

ω‐3 supplementation prevents immobilization‐induced reductions in mitochondrial content and respiration throughout the immobilization period.

Practitioners may consider recommending ω‐3 supplementation to mitigate muscle atrophy during periods of immobilization.

Prolonged exercise training improves the acute type II muscle fibre satellite cell response following a single bout of resistance exercise in older men.

Older men can benefit from prolonged exercise training to enhance muscle repair and adaptation.

Type I muscle fibre satellite cell content increased significantly at 24 and 48 hours after a single bout of resistance exercise before the exercise training programme.

Resistance exercise can enhance type I muscle fibre satellite cell content in older adults.

Aging and muscle disuse lead to the development of anabolic resistance and contribute to the loss of skeletal muscle mass.

Awareness of anabolic resistance is crucial for designing interventions for older adults or those with muscle disuse.

Skeletal muscle mass is determined by meal- and contraction-induced alterations of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown.

Nutrition and exercise strategies should focus on optimizing protein synthesis and minimizing breakdown for muscle maintenance.

In psoriasis, 4 of 5 clinical studies demonstrated significant improvements in Psoriasis Area Severity Index and weight/body mass index.

GLP-1 receptor agonists may significantly improve psoriasis severity and contribute to weight loss.

Improvements in muscle quality index (MQI) after 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) are associated with increases in phase angle (PhA).

Practitioners can use phase angle as a valid indicator of muscle quality improvements in older women undergoing resistance training.

Resistance training led to a significant increase in interleukin-10 by 51.8% and a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha by 15.2% in older women.

Resistance training may improve inflammatory markers in older women.

Elevated body mass index and weight gain are associated with increased risk of postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Practitioners should consider BMI and weight gain as significant risk factors for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

The FINAL ROM group showed similar changes in muscle hypertrophy compared to the control group at 60% and 70% femur length.

Practitioners should note that training in the final range of motion may not yield superior hypertrophy compared to no training.

Low-grade systemic inflammation is linked to hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Addressing systemic inflammation may be crucial in managing hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Regular physical activity boosts host immunity and facilitates a more diverse gut microbiome.

Encouraging regular physical activity can enhance immune function and gut health.

Back squat strength in a heterogeneous population is multifactorial and more related to physical rather than psychological variables.

Recognize the importance of various physical factors in training programs for squat strength.

Obesity affects quality-of-life factors for breast cancer survivors, including sexual dysfunction, neuropathy, cardiotoxicity, chronic fatigue, and lymphedema.

Addressing obesity may improve quality of life for breast cancer survivors.

Incorporation of physical therapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and early mobilization strategies may be beneficial.

Implement physical therapy and mobilization strategies in ICU care.

Different fat depots exert different effects on the metabolic profile of individuals.

Practitioners should consider fat depot characteristics in metabolic assessments.

HIIT increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) by 3 months (P = 0.008).

HIIT can effectively improve heart function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

HIIT augmented the reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) from rest to moderate-intensity exercise (P < 0.04).

HIIT can lead to better heart function by reducing the volume of blood left in the heart after contraction.