Browse the evidence

Obesity can lead to skin diseases such as psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa.

Practitioners should be aware of the dermatological implications of obesity.

Obesity initiates the development of insulin resistance through increased adipose tissue size, inflammation, and ectopic fat deposition.

Understanding the role of obesity in insulin resistance can guide interventions.

Inflammation and fat accumulation are key drivers for losing insulin sensitivity.

Addressing inflammation and fat accumulation may improve insulin sensitivity.

Weight loss, regardless of the method used to achieve it, is inadvertently accompanied by lean body mass loss, to varying degrees.

Practitioners should be aware that weight loss methods may lead to loss of lean body mass.

The loss of lean body mass, including muscle, is a significant concern associated with weight loss treatments.

Practitioners should monitor muscle mass during weight loss interventions.

Higher maximum semaglutide dose was associated with lower post-landmark risk of all-cause mortality (RR 0.42, p<0.001) and composite cardiovascular events (RR 0.51, p<0.001).

Practitioners should consider maximizing semaglutide dosage to enhance cardiovascular outcomes.

Semaglutide was associated with lower cardiovascular events than metformin, DPP-4 and SGLT2 inhibitors.

Semaglutide may be a preferable option for patients at risk of cardiovascular events compared to other medications.

SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists demonstrate significant benefits beyond glucose control.

Practitioners should consider these medications for benefits beyond glycemic control.

There is a risk of excessive reduction in skeletal muscle mass (SMM) with GLP-1-based therapies.

Practitioners should monitor muscle mass in patients using GLP-1 therapies to mitigate risks of sarcopenia.

Cricket protein ingestion results in higher postprandial blood amino acid concentration compared to beef protein.

Insect protein may be more effective than some traditional animal proteins for amino acid delivery.

There is no difference in skeletal muscle anabolism between insect and animal protein sources.

Both insect and animal proteins can be used interchangeably for muscle building.

Creatine supplementation demonstrated non-significant effects on muscle strength (SMD = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.35, 0.42) but yielded the most pronounced improvement in muscle mass (MD = 2.18, 95% CI: 0.92, 3.44).

Creatine may be beneficial for increasing muscle mass in older adults, but its effect on strength is not significant.

The weekend warrior (WW) physical activity pattern is associated with significantly lower odds of sarcopenia compared to regularly active (RA) individuals (OR 0.25; 95% CI, 0.11-0.56).

Promoting weekend high-intensity workouts may be beneficial for older adults to lower sarcopenia risk.

High-protein diets (1.6 or 3.2 g kg−1 d−1) combined with resistance training (RT) or concurrent training (CT) for 16 weeks had no adverse effects on bone tissue parameters in resistance-trained males.

Practitioners can recommend high-protein diets for resistance-trained individuals without concern for negative effects on bone health.

There were significant time effects noted for the BMD of the pelvis and the BMC of the right ribs.

Practitioners should monitor bone health parameters over time in resistance-trained individuals on high-protein diets.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can help patients better manage their metabolic control during exercise.

Incorporating CGM technology can enhance exercise safety and effectiveness for diabetic patients.

Changes in chest muscle thickness did not statistically differ between resistance training with 4-6 RPE and 7-9 RPE.

Practitioners may consider that varying proximity to failure in resistance training does not significantly affect muscle thickness outcomes.

Resistance training with 4-6 RPE and 7-9 RPE produces statistically ambiguous differences in muscle thickness changes at VL50.

Practitioners should consider that varying RPE levels may not lead to significant differences in muscle thickness.

Changes in muscle thickness at VL70 were observed in both RPE groups, with a small between-group effect size.

Both RPE levels can lead to changes in muscle thickness, though the effect size is small.

Trivial between-group effect size was observed for muscle thickness changes at VL50.

The minimal effect size suggests that both training approaches may yield similar outcomes in muscle thickness at VL50.

Resistance training with a 7-9 RPE may elicit marginally greater acute responses of CK and LDH than 4-6 RPE over time.

Practitioners may consider incorporating higher RPE levels to enhance muscle damage responses.

The 7-9 RPE group demonstrated a greater acute response of CK and LDH compared to the 4-6 RPE group.

Higher RPE training may be more effective for inducing muscle damage.

The model coefficient for the interaction of week by time point demonstrates evidence of the repeated bout effect for CK but not LDH.

Understanding the repeated bout effect can help in planning training cycles.

Serious adverse events were lower in the semaglutide group (13.3%) compared to the placebo group (26.7%) (P < .001).

Semaglutide may offer a safer treatment option for this patient population.