Browse the evidence

High ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake is consistently linked to negative health outcomes.

Practitioners should be aware of the negative health implications of high UPF consumption.

Food policies that limit UPF intake are supported by evidence.

Policymakers should consider implementing regulations to reduce UPF consumption.

Increasing intake of plant foods is recommended for cardiovascular health.

Health practitioners should encourage patients to increase plant food consumption.

Substituting saturated fats with polyunsaturated and monounsaturated oils is recommended.

Health practitioners should advise patients to use healthier oils.

Regular consumption of fish with a focus on omega-3 enrichment is recommended.

Health practitioners should recommend fish consumption for omega-3 benefits.

Weight loss can be achieved with either a healthy low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or a healthy low-fat diet (LFD).

Both LCD and LFD can be effective for weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity.

The assessment and promotion of physical activity in clinical settings appears to be effective.

Health professionals should incorporate physical activity assessment and promotion in clinical practice.

Seventeen studies demonstrated improvements in physical activity levels as a result of the interventions.

Practitioners can expect to see improvements in patient physical activity levels with appropriate interventions.

Cumulative average total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is inversely associated with progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.91 per 100 min/week higher amount.

Increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may help reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

An increase in total MVPA from baseline to year 4 (≥63.2 min/week) is associated with a 33% lower risk of progression to CKD compared to the largest MVPA reduction (<−198.3 min/week).

Encouraging increases in physical activity can significantly lower the risk of chronic kidney disease in this population.

Increases in MVPA accumulated in bouts of both <10 min and ≥10 min are associated with a lower risk of progression to CKD.

Incorporating both short and longer physical activity bouts can be beneficial for reducing CKD risk.

Participants in the weight loss program experienced a significant reduction in weight of -4.8±2.3 kg.

Weight loss programs can be effective for first responders with obesity.

Participants showed a significant reduction in percent body fat of -3.9±1.7%.

Effective weight loss programs can also lead to reductions in body fat.

The weight loss program is feasible for supporting career firefighters in their weight loss efforts.

Programs utilizing technology and coaching can effectively aid weight loss in first responders.

Low-carbohydrate diets are effective in reversing metabolic syndrome, with 1580 respondents reporting decreased waist circumference and weight, increased energy levels, and decreased hunger.

Practitioners may consider recommending low-carbohydrate diets for patients with metabolic syndrome.

Substitution of low- and no-calorie sweetened beverages (LNCSBs) for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with a reduction in body weight by 1.06 kg (95% CI, -1.71 to -0.41 kg).

Practitioners may consider recommending LNCSBs as a substitute for SSBs to aid in weight management.

Substituting LNCSBs for SSBs was associated with a reduction in body mass index (BMI) by 0.32 (95% CI, -0.58 to -0.07).

Practitioners may use BMI changes as an additional metric for assessing the effectiveness of LNCSBs in dietary interventions.

Postintervention weight change averaged -3.7 ± 9.5%, with greater weight loss in the DSE than the ILI group.

Practitioners should note that weight loss outcomes vary significantly between intervention types.

Diet is a prominent modifiable element driving weight gain and adiposity.

Practitioners should focus on dietary modifications to address obesity.

The intervention group achieved a mean body weight change of −9.5% (±4.1) with 90% of participants losing ≥ 5%.

Practitioners can consider remote interventions as effective for weight loss in older adults.

Initial adopters engaged in 108.3 minutes per week more at 1 year compared with early nonadopters (P < .01).

Encouraging early adoption of physical activity can lead to significantly higher activity levels over time.

Failure to achieve PA goals at 2, 3, or 4 months results in less overall PA at 1 year.

Identifying individuals who struggle with early PA goals can help target interventions.

Weight loss reduces the recurrence of symptomatic atrial fibrillation.

Weight management should be a focus in the treatment plan for patients with AF.

Oral semaglutide, 50 mg, led to a mean percentage change in body weight of -14.3% compared to -1.3% with placebo.

Oral semaglutide is effective for significant weight loss in this population.