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The SASI group had a total weight loss of 37.0% compared to 29.7% in the SG group at 12 months after surgery.

Practitioners may consider SASI for enhanced weight loss in severely obese patients.

The SASI group achieved a lower BMI of 23.4 ± 2.6 kg/m² compared to 24.6 ± 2.9 kg/m² in the SG group at 12 months.

Lower BMI in the SASI group suggests it may be more effective for weight management.

The 12-month difference in VAT loss between diets attenuated to 5.5 cm².

Long-term adherence to dietary interventions may yield diminishing returns in VAT loss.

Phentermine/topiramate ER treatment improved glucose regulation, lipid profiles, and decreased blood pressure.

The treatment may enhance metabolic health in obese patients.

Prediabetes is associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular events, and mortality.

Healthcare providers should monitor and manage prediabetes to reduce risks of diabetes and cardiovascular events.

Metformin decreased the risk of diabetes among individuals with prediabetes by 3.2 cases per 100 person-years during 3 years.

Metformin can be an effective option for certain individuals at risk of diabetes.

Obesity contributes to poor health outcomes, reduced quality of life, and over 2.8 million deaths each year.

Healthcare providers should prioritize obesity management to improve health outcomes.

People living with overweight/obesity are at greater risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Clinicians should assess cardiovascular risk in patients with obesity.

At 7 years, HbA1c decreased by 1.6% in the bariatric surgery group compared to a decrease of 0.2% in the medical/lifestyle management group.

Bariatric surgery may lead to significantly better long-term glycemic control compared to medical management.

Diabetes remission rates were higher in the bariatric surgery group, with 18.2% achieving remission at 7 years compared to 6.2% in the medical/lifestyle group.

Bariatric surgery may significantly increase the likelihood of diabetes remission compared to medical management.

Certain subgroups of UPF, such as refined breads and sugar-sweetened beverages, are associated with higher T2D risk.

Focus on limiting intake of specific UPF subgroups to mitigate T2D risk.

Metformin is the most studied pharmacological treatment for the prevention and treatment of PDWG.

Metformin may be a viable option for managing weight gain associated with psychiatric medications.

Model predictions of relative skeletal muscle changes with caloric restriction were validated in longitudinal studies.

The validation of these models can help practitioners predict muscle loss during caloric restriction more accurately.

For trials with mean baseline BMI <25, LDL cholesterol increased by 41 mg/dL on a low-carbohydrate diet.

Practitioners should be aware that low-carbohydrate diets may significantly raise LDL cholesterol in individuals with low BMI.

GLP-1 RA use was associated with lower medication use (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.46-0.61; P < .001).

GLP-1 RAs may reduce the need for other medications in IIH management.

GLP-1 RA therapy is associated with significant reductions in procedural interventions (RR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.30-0.63; P < .001).

GLP-1 RAs may reduce the need for surgical or other procedural interventions in IIH management.

High total carbohydrate intake is associated with high CVD morbidity (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.13).

Limiting carbohydrate intake may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

High total fat intake is associated with a decreased all-cause mortality risk (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.85-0.99).

Incorporating healthy fats into the diet may lower the risk of all-cause mortality.

Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective long-term treatment for morbid obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Practitioners should consider bariatric surgery as a primary treatment option for patients with morbid obesity and type-2 diabetes.

Tai Chi exercise therapy significantly decreases triglyceride (TG) levels by an average of 0.23 mmol/L and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels by an average of 0.15 mmol/L in patients with T2DM.

Tai Chi can be recommended to improve lipid profiles in T2DM patients.

Treatment with SAR425899 resulted in a smaller reduction in body composition-adjusted sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) compared to placebo (p = 0.002).

SAR425899 may help mitigate metabolic adaptation during weight loss.

Fat oxidation and ketogenesis increased in both groups, with significantly greater increases in the SAR425899 group (p < 0.05).

SAR425899 may enhance fat metabolism, which could support weight loss efforts.

Both groups experienced an improvement in cardiometabolic risk markers after 12 months.

Improvements in cardiometabolic health may accompany weight loss in postmenopausal women.

Menopause leads to significant metabolic alterations and central and visceral fat redistribution in women.

Practitioners should be aware of the metabolic changes that occur during menopause and consider them in treatment strategies.