Browse the evidence

Increasing polyunsaturated fat intake in place of carbohydrates is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 0.90 per 5% of energy).

Replacing carbohydrates with polyunsaturated fats may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.

There is a U-shaped association between the percentage energy consumed from total carbohydrate and new-onset hypertension, with the lowest risk observed at 50% to 55% carbohydrate intake.

Practitioners should consider recommending a balanced carbohydrate intake of 50% to 55% to minimize hypertension risk.

Increased risks of new-onset hypertension were mainly found in those with lower intake of high-quality carbohydrate or higher intake of low-quality carbohydrate.

Encouraging higher intake of high-quality carbohydrates may help reduce hypertension risk.

There is an inverse association between plant-based low-carbohydrate scores for low-quality carbohydrate and new-onset hypertension.

Incorporating more plant-based low-carbohydrate foods may be beneficial for hypertension prevention.

The FINAL ROM group showed similar changes in muscle hypertrophy compared to the control group at 60% and 70% femur length.

Practitioners should note that training in the final range of motion may not yield superior hypertrophy compared to no training.

No group showed greater increases in 1RM than the VAR ROM group.

Practitioners may consider varied range of motion training for optimal strength gains.

Muscle strength increments are similar regardless of training frequency (once per week vs. five times per week).

Strength training frequency may be flexible without compromising strength gains.

Tirzepatide resulted in significant decreases in systolic blood pressure of median -4.20 mmHg for 5 mg, -5.34 mmHg for 10 mg, and -5.77 mmHg for 15 mg.

Tirzepatide may be an effective treatment for reducing systolic blood pressure in patients.

Tirzepatide treatment resulted in significant decreases in total cholesterol levels: median -3.76% for 5 mg, -4.63% for 10 mg, and -5.93% for 15 mg.

Tirzepatide may help in managing cholesterol levels in patients.

Tirzepatide treatment led to increased HDL cholesterol levels and decreased LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Tirzepatide may improve overall lipid profiles in patients.

Long-term weight loss intervention in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with greater cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Practitioners should consider long-term lifestyle interventions for improving cerebral blood flow in patients with type 2 diabetes.

New guidelines for type 2 diabetes expand the use of metabolic surgery to patients with a lower body mass index.

Healthcare providers should be aware of updated guidelines that may allow more patients to qualify for metabolic surgery.

Overcoming neuroendocrine systems is necessary for long-term weight reduction.

Strategies should focus on addressing neuroendocrine factors to aid weight loss maintenance.

Semaglutide improved Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score (KCCQ-CSS) by +7.6 points in women and +7.5 points in men.

Semaglutide can be considered effective for improving heart failure symptoms in both men and women.

Fewer serious adverse events were reported with semaglutide compared to placebo.

Semaglutide may be a safer option for patients compared to placebo.

Longer daytime napping was associated with higher abdominal obesity prevalence (e.g., ≥1 hours: AOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.31-1.47).

Reducing the duration of daytime naps may help lower the risk of abdominal obesity.

Higher dairy intake was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.03 kg/m2 per serving/day; P = 0.04).

Increasing dairy intake may lead to an increase in BMI among adults.

Genetically determined higher dairy intake was significantly associated with higher BMI (β = 0.60 kg/m2 per serving/day; P = 3.0 × 10−4).

Genetic predisposition to higher dairy intake may lead to increased BMI.

The 4-min time trials (TTs) have a high reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of .98.

Practitioners can confidently use 4-min TTs to assess cycling performance in trained cyclists.

The 20-min TTs also demonstrate high reliability with an ICC of .99.

Practitioners can confidently use 20-min TTs to assess cycling performance in trained cyclists.

Low-grade systemic inflammation is linked to hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Addressing systemic inflammation may be crucial in managing hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

There is no significant difference in phase angle improvement between constant load and ascending pyramidal load training methods.

Both training methods can be used interchangeably for similar outcomes in phase angle improvement.

The control group did not experience an improvement in phase angle compared to the training groups.

Resistance training is necessary for improving phase angle in older women, as inactivity does not yield benefits.

Resistance training (RT) to set failure is likely not superior to non-failure RT for inducing muscle hypertrophy.

Practitioners may consider non-failure RT as effective for muscle hypertrophy.