Browse the evidence

The energy intake of most female athletes is less than might be anticipated based on their training load.

Female athletes may need to assess and increase their energy intake.

The majority of athletes consume a diet which might be considered significantly deficient in carbohydrate.

Athletes should consider increasing their carbohydrate intake for better performance.

Following underfeeding, younger men exhibited hyperphagia while older men did not.

Older adults may not compensate for weight loss as effectively as younger adults after underfeeding.

Chronic training with low glycogen availability augments phenotypic adaptations.

Training programs may benefit from incorporating low glycogen strategies for enhanced adaptations.

Sensitivity analyses showed similar results regarding the association of EPA and DHA levels with cardiovascular outcomes.

The consistency of results across analyses reinforces the conclusion that EPA and DHA levels do not impact cardiovascular outcomes.

Muscle glycogen concentration was higher in the NORM than LOW at all time points in both nutrient and placebo groups (P < 0.05).

Higher muscle glycogen levels may enhance performance in resistance exercise.

Commencing high-intensity resistance exercise with low muscle glycogen availability does not compromise the anabolic signal and subsequent rates of MPS.

Practitioners can advise that low glycogen levels do not hinder the anabolic response to resistance training.

In Pima Indian boys, past year sport leisure activity negatively correlates with body mass index and percentage body fat.

Promoting sport leisure activities may help reduce body fat and BMI in Pima Indian boys.

In an ethnically diverse sample of overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes, cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity are highly associated with each other.

Practitioners should consider the relationship between fitness and obesity when assessing cardiovascular risk in this population.

HbA1c, ankle/brachial index (ABI), and Framingham risk score are most strongly associated with fitness in the context of CVD risk factors.

Improving cardiorespiratory fitness may help reduce specific cardiovascular risk factors in this population.

Systolic blood pressure is most strongly associated with BMI category among CVD risk factors.

Monitoring BMI may be crucial for managing systolic blood pressure in this population.

Food insecurity is a powerful social determinant of health that impacts health outcomes.

Addressing food insecurity is crucial for improving health outcomes.

Nutrition insecurity is a direct determinant of health.

Practitioners should recognize nutrition insecurity as a critical health factor.

Muscle fiber area increased similarly after training for both groups.

Both supplementation strategies effectively promote similar muscle fiber growth during resistance training.

Improvement or remission of diabetes occurred in 68%, hypertension in 61%, and dyslipidemia in 57% of the entire cohort.

Bariatric surgery can lead to significant improvements in obesity-related comorbidities.

Fat-free body mass explains 82% of the variance in resting metabolic rate (RMR).

Understanding the role of fat-free mass can help in designing weight management strategies.

Decreases in NEAT might contribute to obesity.

Addressing NEAT could be crucial in obesity prevention strategies.

The Maintain IT model suggests that centred identity transformation can facilitate successful recruitment of executive function for long-term health behaviour change.

Practitioners may consider focusing on identity transformation strategies to support clients in maintaining health behaviour changes.

The Maintain IT model integrates factors not typically examined together to elucidate processes for behaviour change maintenance.

Practitioners should consider a holistic approach that combines various factors influencing behaviour change.

Betaine and choline concentrations were associated with greater insulin sensitivity.

Increased intake of betaine and choline may enhance insulin sensitivity, suggesting potential dietary recommendations.

Industrially-produced TFA can damage health.

Health professionals should inform patients about the risks of TFAs.

Discontinuing GLP-1RA treatment leads to a pooled overall mean weight regain of 2.20 kg in participants taking liraglutide and 9.69 kg in those prescribed semaglutide/tirzepatide.

Practitioners should consider the likelihood of weight regain when discontinuing GLP-1RA therapy.

The proportion of weight regained after discontinuation of GLP-1RA therapy is proportional to the amount originally lost.

Weight loss strategies should account for the likelihood of proportional weight regain after stopping GLP-1RA therapy.

Discontinuation of GLP-1RA treatment leads to weight regain, regardless of lifestyle interventions.

Clinicians should inform patients that stopping GLP-1RA may lead to weight regain despite lifestyle efforts.