Browse the evidence

Different fat depots exert different effects on the metabolic profile of individuals.

Practitioners should consider fat depot characteristics in metabolic assessments.

Weight gain during the 6-week holiday season explained 51% of annual weight gain.

Practitioners should consider the significant role of holiday weight gain in annual weight management.

The mean total costs over 2 years were lower for MBS ($51,794) compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists ($63,483).

MBS may offer a more cost-effective long-term solution for obesity treatment.

Dilution of protein in the diet by readily digestible carbohydrates leads to excess calorie intake and obesity.

Encouraging higher protein intake relative to carbohydrates may help mitigate obesity risk.

Assessment of early vascular ageing (EVA) biomarkers may help refine risk assessment in obese individuals.

Practitioners may consider using EVA biomarkers for better risk assessment in obese patients.

High glycemic load (GL) is associated with greater coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.16 for the highest vs. lowest quintile and HR of 1.18 per 50 g/day of GL intake.

Practitioners should consider the impact of high glycemic load foods on heart disease risk.

High available carbohydrate intake is associated with greater CHD risk, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.11 per 50 g/day.

High carbohydrate diets may increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

High sugar intake is associated with greater CHD risk, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.09 per 50 g/day.

Reducing sugar intake may help lower the risk of coronary heart disease.

The intervention group was more likely to achieve gestational weight gain (GWG) within recommendations compared to the control group (OR = 1.51; 95% CI (0.81, 2.80)).

Practitioners may consider structured nutrition and exercise interventions to help pregnant women achieve recommended weight gain.

Exercise training increases BCOAD kinase protein content by approximately 30% in human skeletal muscle.

Incorporating exercise training may enhance the muscle's ability to metabolize branched-chain amino acids through increased BCOAD kinase levels.

Exercise training increases citrate synthase maximal activity and reduces muscle glycogenolysis during exercise.

Exercise training can enhance metabolic efficiency by improving enzyme activity and reducing reliance on glycogen during exercise.

The relative intervention effects were similar across different baseline body mass index, age, and sex groups.

The intervention may be effective for diverse populations with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Individuals with lower levels of multimorbidity index scores at baseline experienced greater relative intervention effects.

Targeting interventions to individuals with lower baseline multimorbidity may enhance effectiveness.

HIIT increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) by 3 months (P = 0.008).

HIIT can effectively improve heart function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

HIIT augmented the reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) from rest to moderate-intensity exercise (P < 0.04).

HIIT can lead to better heart function by reducing the volume of blood left in the heart after contraction.

Nitric oxide (NO) is essential for skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise.

Practitioners should consider the role of NO in enhancing glucose uptake during exercise.

Day of the week moderates the maternal effect on child physical activity, with a larger impact observed on weekends compared to weekdays.

Interventions may be more effective if they focus on increasing physical activity during weekends.

Long-acting amylin analogues have beneficial effects on body weight in obesity.

Long-acting amylin analogues may be considered as a treatment option for obesity.

Cagrilintide, a novel amylin analogue, shows promising body weight reducing effects.

Cagrilintide may be an effective treatment for weight loss, especially when combined with other therapies.

LA ingestion increased plasma leucine and tryptophan concentrations relative to CP (P < 0.001).

Endurance athletes may benefit from LA supplementation to enhance amino acid availability post-exercise.

The majority of studies reported %FFML exceeding 25%.

Most patients on GLP-1RAs may experience a significant proportion of weight loss from fat-free mass.

GLP-1RA therapy can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in high-risk individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Practitioners should consider GLP-1RA therapy for patients with T2D who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease.

Most societies endorse GLP-1RA therapy in patients with established or high risk of CVD independently of glycaemia.

Clinicians should follow current guidelines endorsing GLP-1RA therapy for patients at high risk for CVD, regardless of their glycaemic control.

A growing number of new agents acting on incretin hormones are becoming available for clinical practice.

Clinicians should stay informed about new pharmacological options for treating obesity and T2DM.