Browse the evidence

There is not yet sufficient evidence to leverage genetics or genomics to aid the treatment of obesity.

Practitioners should be cautious in applying genetic and genomic information for obesity treatment until more evidence is available.

The workshop fostered interdisciplinary collaboration among investigators.

Collaboration can lead to new research hypotheses and ideas in obesity treatment.

Supplementation with HMB (FA and Ca) or α‐HICA failed to enhance body composition to a greater extent than placebo.

Practitioners should not recommend HMB or α‐HICA for improving body composition in resistance training.

No statistically significant between-group or group‐by‐time interactions were observed.

The lack of significant interactions suggests that these supplements do not provide additional benefits over placebo.

The most frequent adverse events associated with retatrutide were gastrointestinal, including nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting.

Clinicians should monitor for gastrointestinal side effects when prescribing retatrutide.

The approval of semaglutide by the FDA was based on the results of clinical trials.

Practitioners can inform patients that semaglutide is FDA-approved for weight management based on clinical evidence.

CLA supplementation associated with aerobic exercise has no effect on body fat reduction in obese women.

Practitioners should be cautious in recommending CLA supplementation for fat loss in obese women.

No significant changes were observed in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and plasma lipoproteins between groups.

CLA supplementation does not improve lipid profiles in obese women undergoing aerobic exercise.

The practical reality at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games consisted of a very low amount of choice for spectators and a large amount of high- and ultra-processed food.

Event organizers should ensure a wider variety of healthy food options at sporting events.

Rio 2016 organisers shaped the choice architecture so that the food and drink sold did not meet health definitions.

Organizers need to align food offerings with health standards to promote better dietary choices.

The number of persons with diabetes is projected to grow from 463 million to 700 million worldwide between 2019 and 2045.

Healthcare practitioners should prepare for a significant increase in diabetes cases.

90% of diabetes cases are type 2 diabetes.

Focus on type 2 diabetes management in clinical practice.

Neither whey protein supplementation nor exercise prevented changes in the disks in the spine.

Practitioners should note that while muscle atrophy can be mitigated, spinal disk changes may not be affected by these interventions.

Whey protein supplementation and exercise did not impact back pain reports.

Practitioners should be aware that these interventions may not alleviate back pain.

The cohort of 618 participants was successfully recruited despite challenges, exceeding the target of 600.

Successful recruitment strategies can be applied to similar trials.

Interim results on industry-led food reformulation did not meet the countries’ targets.

Practitioners should be aware that current reformulation efforts may not be effective in achieving public health targets.

Information asymmetries exist between food industry and policy makers.

Policy makers should seek independent data to inform nutrition policies.

The data provided by food industry actors represent a distorted snippet of the marketing intelligence system.

Practitioners should critically evaluate data from food industry sources before implementing policies.

Four nights of sleep restriction did not alter resting energy metabolism in postmenopausal women.

Practitioners can note that while insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation are affected, resting metabolism remains stable with sleep restriction.

There was no statistically significant difference in total Medicare spending between the intervention and control groups (difference, -$133; P = .89).

Practitioners should note that intensive lifestyle interventions may not lead to reduced total Medicare spending.

Allowing Medicare coverage of anti-obesity medications could increase annual Part D costs by $3.1 billion or $6.1 billion depending on the percentage of newly eligible patients prescribed the drugs.

Practitioners should be aware of the potential financial implications of Medicare coverage for anti-obesity medications.

The marginal costs of Medicare coverage for anti-obesity drugs could decrease by up to 62.5% if products are approved for additional indications.

Practitioners should consider the potential for reduced costs if additional indications for anti-obesity drugs are approved.

The policy change of covering anti-obesity medications is likely to increase Medicare costs by low to middle tens of billions of dollars over ten years.

Practitioners should prepare for the potential long-term financial impact of Medicare's coverage of anti-obesity medications.

Obesity prevalence is projected to grow by 40% in the next decade.

Health professionals should prepare for increased obesity-related health issues.