Browse the evidence

A comprehensive weight loss program can reduce weight by 6% to 7% but confers no clinically significant effects compared with standard care.

Practitioners should note that while weight loss programs can lead to some weight reduction, they may not result in significant clinical improvements.

New guidelines for type 2 diabetes expand the use of metabolic surgery to patients with a lower body mass index.

Healthcare providers should be aware of updated guidelines that may allow more patients to qualify for metabolic surgery.

Fewer serious adverse events were reported with semaglutide compared to placebo.

Semaglutide may be a safer option for patients compared to placebo.

Higher dairy intake was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.03 kg/m2 per serving/day; P = 0.04).

Increasing dairy intake may lead to an increase in BMI among adults.

Genetically determined higher dairy intake was significantly associated with higher BMI (β = 0.60 kg/m2 per serving/day; P = 3.0 × 10−4).

Genetic predisposition to higher dairy intake may lead to increased BMI.

The 4-min time trials (TTs) have a high reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of .98.

Practitioners can confidently use 4-min TTs to assess cycling performance in trained cyclists.

The 20-min TTs also demonstrate high reliability with an ICC of .99.

Practitioners can confidently use 20-min TTs to assess cycling performance in trained cyclists.

There is no significant difference in phase angle improvement between constant load and ascending pyramidal load training methods.

Both training methods can be used interchangeably for similar outcomes in phase angle improvement.

The control group did not experience an improvement in phase angle compared to the training groups.

Resistance training is necessary for improving phase angle in older women, as inactivity does not yield benefits.

Resistance training (RT) to set failure is likely not superior to non-failure RT for inducing muscle hypertrophy.

Practitioners may consider non-failure RT as effective for muscle hypertrophy.

Processing can be used to modify food properties to help reduce overconsumption.

Practitioners can explore food processing techniques to create healthier options.

Nonelderly males with overweight and obesity experience a reduction in skeletal muscle mass of about 2 to 2.5 kg per 10-kg weight loss during voluntary caloric restriction.

Practitioners should be aware that caloric restriction can lead to significant muscle loss in males, which may need to be addressed in weight loss programs.

Nonelderly females with overweight and obesity experience a reduction in skeletal muscle mass of about 1 to 1.5 kg per 10-kg weight loss during voluntary caloric restriction.

Practitioners should be aware that caloric restriction can lead to significant muscle loss in females, which may need to be addressed in weight loss programs.

The study suggests reassessing the preoperative withholding guidelines for GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Healthcare providers may need to update their protocols regarding GLP-1 RA use before surgery.

Tirzepatide provides better value for money than semaglutide for weight reduction.

Healthcare providers may prefer prescribing tirzepatide over semaglutide for weight management.

SGLT2 inhibitors contribute to weight loss and fat reduction through glucosuria.

Incorporating SGLT2 inhibitors may aid in weight management for diabetic patients.

Obesity is linked to a significantly higher chance of early death from associated comorbidities.

Healthcare providers should monitor comorbidities in obese patients.

The mean total costs over 2 years were lower for MBS ($51,794) compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists ($63,483).

MBS may offer a more cost-effective long-term solution for obesity treatment.

Dilution of protein in the diet by readily digestible carbohydrates leads to excess calorie intake and obesity.

Encouraging higher protein intake relative to carbohydrates may help mitigate obesity risk.

The intervention group was more likely to achieve gestational weight gain (GWG) within recommendations compared to the control group (OR = 1.51; 95% CI (0.81, 2.80)).

Practitioners may consider structured nutrition and exercise interventions to help pregnant women achieve recommended weight gain.

The relative intervention effects were similar across different baseline body mass index, age, and sex groups.

The intervention may be effective for diverse populations with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Individuals with lower levels of multimorbidity index scores at baseline experienced greater relative intervention effects.

Targeting interventions to individuals with lower baseline multimorbidity may enhance effectiveness.

Most societies endorse GLP-1RA therapy in patients with established or high risk of CVD independently of glycaemia.

Clinicians should follow current guidelines endorsing GLP-1RA therapy for patients at high risk for CVD, regardless of their glycaemic control.

In the study, 8.7% of participants receiving GLP-1 RA had a cardiovascular event compared to 11.2% of those receiving placebo.

The data indicates a lower incidence of cardiovascular events with GLP-1 RA treatment.