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The risk ratio for losing ≥5% of baseline weight was 1.51 compared to control groups.

Practitioners can expect a significant proportion of SMI patients to achieve clinically relevant weight loss with these interventions.

Fat mass (FM) decreased in the nutrition intervention group (NI) but not in the control group (C).

SNEI may be effective for reducing fat mass in athletes during off-season training.

High doses of protein in the range of 1.2-2.5 g/kg/d may be required in the ICU to optimize nutrition therapy and reduce mortality.

Healthcare professionals should consider administering higher protein doses to critically ill patients to improve outcomes.

Achieving protein goals the first week following admission to the ICU should take precedence over meeting energy goals.

Prioritize protein intake in the first week of ICU admission to enhance recovery.

Lifestyle and behavioral modification for obesity and/or PDWG in psychiatric populations is effective.

Encouraging lifestyle changes can be beneficial for patients experiencing PDWG.

The main treatment goal for Metabolic Syndrome is weight loss and a decrease in insulin resistance.

Practitioners should focus on weight loss and reducing insulin resistance in patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Among the 62 associations between diet and cardiometabolic disease (CMD), 10 foods, 3 beverages, and 12 nutrients had at least probable evidence of associations with coronary heart disease, stroke, and/or diabetes.

Dietary guidance can be informed by these associations to help reduce the risk of CMD.

Twins on the vegan diet experienced a significant mean decrease in body weight of -1.9 kg after 8 weeks.

Clinicians may recommend a vegan diet for weight loss in patients.

Probiotics administration significantly reduced weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, body fat percentage, and trunk fat percentage compared to the placebo group.

Incorporating probiotics may enhance weight loss and improve body composition in obese women with food addiction.

Once-weekly cagrilintide-semaglutide (at a dose of 2.4 mg each) resulted in a significantly lower body weight than placebo in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners can consider cagrilintide-semaglutide as an effective treatment for weight management in this population.

More patients in the cagrilintide-semaglutide group than in the placebo group had a weight reduction of 5% or more.

Cagrilintide-semaglutide may be particularly effective for achieving clinically significant weight loss.

In-clinic group visits resulted in a mean weight loss of -4.4 kg at 24 months.

In-clinic group visits may be an effective strategy for weight loss in rural settings.

Telephone group visits resulted in a mean weight loss of -3.9 kg at 24 months.

Telephone group visits can also support weight loss in rural populations.

In-clinic group visits resulted in statistically significantly greater weight loss compared to in-clinic individual visits.

Implementing group visits may enhance weight loss outcomes compared to individual visits.

At 10-year follow-up, the mean total body weight loss was -42.4 ± 19.6 kg for gastric bypass and -27.4 ± 14.5 kg for gastric banding.

Gastric bypass may lead to greater long-term weight loss compared to gastric banding.

Sustainable lifestyle modifications are critical for reducing morbidity and mortality from preventable conditions.

Emphasizing the need for sustainable lifestyle changes can guide health interventions.

For people with type 2 diabetes, an algorithm including lifestyle modification and anti-diabetic medications is suggested.

Health practitioners should implement lifestyle modifications and consider medication options for managing type 2 diabetes.

Semaglutide is associated with significant weight reductions primarily due to fat mass loss.

Practitioners can expect semaglutide to primarily aid in fat loss for overweight or obese patients.

Gamification with support significantly increased mean daily steps by 503 steps compared to the control group over 1 year.

Incorporating gamification with support can effectively enhance physical activity in patients with uncontrolled diabetes.

Gamification with competition significantly increased mean daily steps by 606 steps compared to the control group over 1 year.

Utilizing gamification with competitive elements can effectively boost physical activity in patients with uncontrolled diabetes.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) added 0.06 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and reduced total cost by $33,583 relative to semaglutide.

This indicates that ESG not only provides health benefits but also reduces overall treatment costs.

Diet quality changes are associated with long-term weight gain.

Focus on improving diet quality rather than just calorie counting.

Restriction of carbohydrate to 50–130 g per day had beneficial effects on HbA1c in trials up to 6 months.

Low-carbohydrate diets may be beneficial for glycaemic control in the short term for Type 2 diabetes.

A target of 10–15% weight loss is recommended for people with BMI 30–40 kg/m2 or abdominal obesity without complications.

Practitioners should aim for a 10-15% weight loss in this patient group.