Browse the evidence

There may be a possible advantage for the use of long rest intervals to elicit hypertrophic effects.

Longer rest intervals may be more effective for hypertrophy in trained individuals.

Food insecurity is a common cause of inadequate dietary intake.

Addressing food insecurity is crucial for improving dietary intake.

Higher sitting time (≥8 hours per day) is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.31) and major cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.10-1.34).

Reducing sitting time to less than 8 hours per day may lower the risk of mortality and cardiovascular events.

The association of sitting time with the composite outcome is stronger in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.16-1.44) compared to high-income and upper-middle-income countries (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.98-1.19).

Public health strategies should focus on reducing sitting time, especially in low-income countries.

Participants who sat for 8 or more hours per day experienced a 17% to 50% higher associated risk of the composite outcome across physical activity levels.

Encouraging reduced sitting time is crucial, even for those who are physically active.

Targeted combinations of medicines with nutrition and lifestyle interventions can increase treatment efficacy and reduce adverse effects.

Integrating nutrition and lifestyle changes with medication may enhance treatment outcomes.

Resistance training (RT) induces significant endogenous hormonal elevations.

Incorporating resistance training can enhance hormonal levels beneficial for muscle growth.

The prehabilitation program had a high attendance rate of 90% and a high level of patient satisfaction.

High attendance and satisfaction indicate that patients are likely to engage with prehabilitation programs.

Bariatric surgery and GLP-1 receptor agonists have similar effects on glycemic control.

Both treatment options can be considered for glycemic control in obese patients.

High quality meta-analyses reported little or no difference between low-carbohydrate and control diets.

Practitioners should consider the quality of evidence when recommending low-carbohydrate diets.

NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of fatal/non-fatal CVD events and other cardiac and arrhythmic complications.

Healthcare providers should consider the cardiovascular risks associated with NAFLD in their patients.

Tirzepatide treatment was associated with lower hazards of all-cause mortality compared to GLP-1 RA (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45-0.75).

Practitioners may consider tirzepatide as a safer option for reducing mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Tirzepatide treatment was associated with lower hazards of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) compared to GLP-1 RA (AHR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71-0.91).

Tirzepatide may be a preferable treatment option for reducing cardiovascular risks in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Obesity is a disease that results in impaired quality of life and reduced life expectancy.

Healthcare practitioners should recognize obesity as a disease and address its impacts on quality of life and longevity.

Two-thirds of obesity-related excess mortality is attributable to cardiovascular disease.

Public health initiatives should focus on reducing obesity to lower cardiovascular disease mortality.

Obesity has been underrecognized and sub-optimally addressed compared to other cardiovascular risk factors.

Healthcare providers should prioritize the recognition and management of obesity as a key cardiovascular risk factor.

Different sources of dietary protein and non-protein nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids regulate muscle protein synthesis.

Incorporating diverse protein sources and omega-3s may enhance muscle protein synthesis.

Understanding factors regulating muscle mass is crucial for counteracting muscle loss in clinical settings.

Future research should focus on strategies to prevent muscle loss, especially in older adults.

High-protein hypocaloric feeding may evolve as the best strategy during the initial phase of critical illness.

Consider implementing high-protein hypocaloric feeding strategies for critically ill patients to improve outcomes.

Metformin is the most studied pharmacological treatment for the prevention and treatment of PDWG.

Metformin may be a viable option for managing weight gain associated with psychiatric medications.

Resistance training not to failure (RTNF) may induce comparable or even greater improvements in maximal dynamic strength and power output compared to resistance training performed to failure (RTF) when considering nonequalized volumes.

Practitioners might consider RTNF for strength and power improvements, especially when training volumes are not equalized.

Most relative risks (RRs) for protective associations ranged from 0.87 to 0.96 per daily serving change, while harmful associations ranged from 1.06 to 1.15 per daily serving change.

Understanding these RRs can help in making informed dietary choices to mitigate CMD risk.

Most identified associations were protective (n = 38) and a smaller number were harmful (n = 24), with a higher risk associated with higher intake.

Emphasizing protective dietary factors can aid in reducing CMD risk.

ALT and AST levels decreased by 14.3% (P = .002) and 18.2% (P < .001) respectively, remaining stable until follow-up 12 weeks after the intervention.

Monitoring liver enzyme levels can help assess the effectiveness of exercise interventions in NAFLD.