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In women, a 21.8% decrease in bioavailable testosterone at year 1 mediated decreases in whole-body fat mass (-164; 95% CI, -326 to -29.3), whole-body lean mass (-115 g; 95% CI, -203.4 to -40), and trunk lean mass (-97.2 g; 95% CI, -156 to -45.5) at year 4.

Practitioners should consider the role of bioavailable testosterone in managing body composition in women with type 2 diabetes.

The study revealed sex-specific mediating effects of sex hormones due to weight loss from intensive lifestyle intervention on body composition changes in people with type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners should tailor weight loss recommendations based on sex differences in hormone responses.

TGD patients frequently present to their endocrinologists for individualized, gender-affirming support to meet BMI cutoffs for GAS.

Endocrinologists should provide tailored support to help TGD patients achieve necessary BMI for GAS.

Multidisciplinary management considerations are offered for clinicians to assist TGD patients with obesity navigate BMI requirements to access GAS.

Clinicians should adopt a multidisciplinary approach to support TGD patients in meeting BMI requirements for GAS.

Participants improved their accuracy in estimating repetitions in reserve (RIR) during the bench press over the intervention.

Improving RIR estimation can enhance training effectiveness and safety.

Low-load resistance training may be more effective in producing type I muscle fibre hypertrophy, while high-load may be more effective in producing type II muscle fibre hypertrophy.

Consider varying load types based on desired muscle fiber hypertrophy outcomes.

Satellite cell activation was similar between groups in the untrained state but showed a trend toward greater increases with MIS after RET.

There may be potential benefits of multi-ingredient supplementation on satellite cell activation post-exercise.

Previous positive information about static stretching improved performance in the last set of exercise for the positively biased group.

Practitioners may consider the impact of positive expectancy on performance outcomes during strength-endurance training.

Static stretching did not significantly interfere with total number of repetitions or total volume of exercise.

Static stretching may not negatively impact overall strength-endurance performance metrics.

Higher intake of white rice (≥450g/d compared with <150g/d) is associated with an increased risk of diabetes (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03-1.41, p for trend=0.003).

Practitioners should consider advising moderation in white rice consumption to mitigate diabetes risk.

The highest risk of diabetes associated with white rice intake was observed in South Asia (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.17-2.34, p for trend=0.02).

Healthcare providers in South Asia should be particularly aware of the risks associated with high white rice consumption.

The intake of saturated fatty acids (SAFAs) is directly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, with a hazard ratio of 1.28 for one standard deviation increase.

Practitioners should consider the impact of saturated fat intake on heart disease risk in middle-aged men.

The intake of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) is inversely associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, with a hazard ratio of 0.84 for one standard deviation increase.

Practitioners should encourage the intake of mono-unsaturated fats to potentially lower heart disease risk.

Menstrual frequency increased in all groups from baseline to 12 months.

This suggests that while HIT may not be effective, some improvement in menstrual frequency can occur over time.

Tirzepatide is linked to a significantly reduced risk of overall hematologic malignancy (OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03-0.60), particularly for lymphoma.

Tirzepatide may be a safer option for patients concerned about hematologic malignancies.

Semaglutide demonstrated an SAE incidence of 8.9%, compared to 6.2% for Liraglutide.

Practitioners should be aware of the SAE incidence when prescribing these medications.

Discontinuation rates due to adverse effects were 10.3% for Semaglutide and 8.3% for Liraglutide.

Practitioners should consider these discontinuation rates when evaluating treatment options.

49% of patients receiving semaglutide treatment had a full stomach compared to 18% of matched controls.

Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of full stomach in patients on semaglutide during pre-operative assessments.

Chronic low-grade inflammation underlies psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa, which can worsen with obesity.

Weight management is crucial for patients with these skin diseases to prevent worsening of their conditions.

GLP-1a therapy was associated with a mean change in body mass index (BMI) of −0.83 kg/m2 in treated patients compared to −0.70 kg/m2 in those without GLP-1a therapy.

GLP-1a therapy may lead to modest reductions in BMI in a real-world setting.

In clinical practice, GLP-1a therapy was associated with more modest reductions in weight and HbA1c than shown in prior RCTs.

Practitioners should be aware that real-world outcomes may differ from clinical trial results.

81.5% of patients achieved excess weight loss (EWL) ≥50% and 51.1% achieved EWL ≥70% during follow-up.

Surgeons can expect a significant proportion of patients to achieve substantial weight loss post-surgery.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) results in higher rates of sustained excess weight loss compared to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

LRYGB may be a more effective option for patients seeking long-term weight loss.

A greater proportion of AOM-naïve patients achieved ≥15% and ≥20% total body weight loss at 12 months compared to non-AOM-naïve patients.

Clinicians should note that AOM-naïve patients are more likely to achieve significant weight loss with semaglutide.