Browse the evidence

Immobilization rapidly reduces ADP‐stimulated mitochondrial respiration by approximately 20% within 3 days.

Understanding the rapid decline in mitochondrial function can inform rehabilitation strategies post-immobilization.

GLP-1 analogs may interact with estrogens.

Consideration of estrogen interactions may be important in treatment plans involving GLP-1 analogs.

More than 90% of the US population consumed less than the recommended 0.5 g/day of long-chain n-3 fatty acids from food sources.

Practitioners should focus on increasing fish consumption among the general population to meet recommended n-3 fatty acid intake.

A personalized diet targeting a reduction in postprandial glycemic response did not result in greater weight loss compared to a low-fat diet at 6 months.

Practitioners may consider that personalized diets based on PPGR may not provide superior weight loss outcomes compared to standard low-fat diets.

Mean changes in percent body fat ([INCREMENT]%BF), fat mass ([INCREMENT]FM), and fat-free mass ([INCREMENT]FFM) were not significantly different when comparing MF-BIA with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Both MF-BIA and DXA can be used interchangeably for assessing body composition changes in this population.

The greater acute increase in type II muscle fibre satellite cell content at 24 hours post-exercise recovery after training was correlated with an increase in type II muscle fibre capillarization.

Improved capillarization may enhance satellite cell function in older adults after exercise training.

Tirzepatide improved glucose control in overweight and obese patients with type 1 diabetes.

Tirzepatide may be beneficial for improving glycemic control in this demographic.

69,213,936 prescriptions for obesity medications (OMDs) were dispensed in the US from July 2017 to February 2024, with a mean annual growth rate of 5.3%.

Healthcare providers should be aware of the increasing trend in OMD prescriptions.

The severity of hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis is related to comorbid conditions such as glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.

Understanding these relationships can help in targeting treatment for obesity-related comorbidities.

There is a lack of consensus on whether the menstrual phase and associated changes in sex hormones allow broad application of nutrition principles to female athletes.

Nutrition guidelines may need to be tailored for female athletes considering hormonal influences.

The obesity paradox was observed among people with type 2 diabetes, with an adjusted hazard ratio for obese vs. normal BMI of 0.78 (95% CI 0.65, 0.95).

Healthcare providers should consider the implications of obesity on mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Smoking status consistently modified the adiposity-mortality relationship.

Practitioners should consider smoking status when evaluating the risks associated with obesity.

Pre-operative semaglutide use within 10 days of elective surgical procedures was independently associated with increased risk of residual gastric content on pre-operative gastric ultrasound assessment.

Practitioners should consider the timing of semaglutide administration in relation to elective surgeries to mitigate the risk of increased residual gastric content.

Increased residual gastric content was found in 40% of patients in the semaglutide group compared to 3% in the non-semaglutide group.

The significant difference in residual gastric content suggests that semaglutide may pose a risk during surgery, warranting careful assessment.

Gastrointestinal adverse events were common with maridebart cafraglutide, although less frequent with dose escalation and a lower starting dose.

Clinicians should monitor for gastrointestinal side effects when prescribing maridebart cafraglutide.

There is no consensus on the best nutritional strategy or ideal dietary prescription for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Practitioners should consider individual variability when recommending dietary strategies for T2DM.

Arachidonic acid (AA) levels were not associated with higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes, and higher levels were associated with lower risk of total CVD with a hazard ratio of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.86-0.99).

Arachidonic acid may not increase cardiovascular risk and could be beneficial at higher levels.

Higher variability of body mass index (BMI) is associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular deaths, and cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the control group.

Practitioners should monitor BMI variability in patients with type 2 diabetes as it may indicate higher risks for adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Higher variability of waist circumference (WC) is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular outcomes and death in the control group.

Monitoring waist circumference variability may be important for assessing cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), improved disease activity was reported with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

GLP-1 receptor agonists may be beneficial for improving disease activity in RA patients.

No significant changes in body fat and resistance were found after the resistance training program.

Practitioners should note that resistance training may not significantly affect body fat in this population.

The restore diet reduced gut microbiome diversity but enhanced the persistence of L. reuteri strain.

Practitioners should note that while diversity may decrease, specific beneficial strains can be enhanced through targeted dietary interventions.

GLP-1 receptor agonist use was associated with a higher risk of discontinuation of endoscopy compared to SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Practitioners should be aware of the increased risk of endoscopy discontinuation when using GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Changes in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers after resistance training are correlated with changes in phase angle.

Monitoring phase angle may provide insights into the effectiveness of resistance training on health markers.