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Significant weight loss can lead to aesthetic challenges such as skin laxity.

Practitioners should be aware of potential aesthetic issues in patients after significant weight loss.

GLP-1RA use was associated with increased fracture risk in nondiabetic patients who were overweight or obese (3.05% vs. 2.61%, OR 1.19, CI [1.09 to 1.31]).

Practitioners should consider the increased fracture risk when prescribing GLP-1RAs to overweight or obese nondiabetic patients.

In patients with a BMI ≥40, fracture risk was significantly increased with GLP-1RA use (3.15% vs. 1.91%, OR 1.26, CI [1.04 to 1.52]).

Higher BMI patients may require closer monitoring for fracture risk when prescribed GLP-1RAs.

Patients older than 67 years showed a significant increase in fracture risk with GLP-1RA use, particularly those aged 68 to 77 years (5.61% vs. 3.65%, OR 2.25, CI [1.62 to 3.13]) and 78 to 88 years (9.28% vs. 5.10%, OR 4.99, CI [2.68 to 9.26]).

Older patients may be at higher risk for fractures when prescribed GLP-1RAs and should be monitored accordingly.

If access to GLP-1RAs was restricted to people with severe obesity and 50% moved into a lower BMI category, there would be a simulated reduction in cumulative cancer cases of 7476.

Restricting GLP-1RA access to those with severe obesity can still lead to significant cancer case reductions.

Patients receiving semaglutide within 10 days of surgery have a significantly increased risk of residual gastric content compared to a control sample (40% vs. 3%).

Clinicians should be cautious when managing patients on semaglutide in the peri-operative setting due to increased aspiration risk.

Increased residual gastric content was observed regardless of whether patients held semaglutide for 1–7 or 8–10 days pre-operatively.

The duration of holding semaglutide before surgery may not mitigate the risk of residual gastric content.

Increased residual gastric content can persist up to 10 days after stopping subcutaneous semaglutide.

Clinicians may need to consider longer pre-operative interruption intervals for patients on semaglutide to reduce aspiration risk.

Adverse side effects from GLP-1 receptor agonists are mostly gastrointestinal but may also include loss of muscle and bone mass.

Monitor for gastrointestinal side effects and potential muscle and bone mass loss in patients using GLP-1 receptor agonists.

The intervention subjects lost more weight than the control subjects (-4.1 kg vs -2.1 kg), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.22).

Practitioners may consider remote dietitian support for weight loss in patients before joint surgery.

The intervention subjects had higher odds of achieving a BMI of <40 kg/m 2 (odds ratio = 1.9), but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.44).

Practitioners may find that remote interventions can help some patients achieve a healthier BMI before surgery.

Mitochondrial uncoupling promotes energy dissipation and may serve as a strategy for obesity treatment.

Practitioners may consider mitochondrial uncoupling as a potential target for obesity interventions.

Observational data show a reduction in all-cause mortality and cancer risk in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.

Bariatric surgery may significantly improve long-term health outcomes and reduce mortality risk.

Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease.

Understanding obesity as a multifactorial disease is crucial for effective treatment.

Sustained significant weight loss through lifestyle changes is difficult for people with obesity in the long term.

Practitioners should be aware of the challenges faced by patients in achieving long-term weight loss.

HEC-CG115 led to more weight loss than semaglutide in diet-induced obese model mice.

HEC-CG115 may be a more effective option for weight loss in obese patients compared to semaglutide.

Performing additional sets of resistance exercise does not inherently result in greater increases in muscle size compared to lower volumes.

Practitioners should not assume that increasing the number of sets will always lead to greater muscle growth.

There has been limited success in curbing the incidence of T2D despite lifestyle modification being standard care.

Practitioners should recognize the barriers to effective lifestyle interventions.

The current evidence is insufficient to establish ingestion recommendations for protein hydrolysate supplementation.

Practitioners should be cautious in making specific recommendations for protein hydrolysate intake until more evidence is available.

Total protein intake was inversely related to lean mass in females only (Lean mass index: β= −0.84, Appendicular lean mass index: β= −0.35).

Practitioners should be cautious about recommending high total protein intake for females aiming to preserve lean mass.

Overweight and obesity without cardiometabolic dysfunction were not associated with a higher risk of recurrent major cardiovascular events and mortality compared to normal weight without cardiometabolic dysfunction.

Practitioners should consider the metabolic health of overweight and obese patients when assessing cardiovascular risk.

All groups with cardiometabolic dysfunction showed similarly increased risks of recurrent major cardiovascular events and mortality.

Monitoring and managing cardiometabolic dysfunction is crucial for reducing cardiovascular risk.

The prevalence of cardiometabolic dysfunction was highest within the obese category (75%).

Understanding the high prevalence of cardiometabolic dysfunction in obese patients can guide treatment strategies.

Bariatric surgery improves patient health in terms of metabolic, macrovascular, and microvascular disease.

Bariatric surgery can lead to significant health improvements beyond weight loss.