Browse the evidence

Body fat was reduced from 20.3% to 12.2% before the first competition and declined to 11.6% before the second competition.

Practitioners can expect significant fat loss in experienced competitors during contest preparation.

Fat-free mass increased by 2.1% before the first competition and peaked at 4.6% above baseline in the recovery period.

Practitioners should note that muscle gain can occur during recovery after competition.

Cardiac rehabilitation programs should develop behavioral weight loss programs to assist cardiac patients in losing weight and improving risk factors.

Practitioners should consider integrating behavioral weight loss strategies into cardiac rehabilitation programs.

A comprehensive, behavioral-based approach is the most effective treatment strategy for obesity in cardiac patients.

Practitioners should implement comprehensive behavioral strategies to address obesity in cardiac patients.

Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) was associated with greater total weight loss (mean 28.3%) compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists (mean 10.3%) in patients with class II and III obesity.

MBS may be a more effective option for significant weight loss in patients with higher obesity classes.

Carbohydrate restriction leads to weight loss and improved glycaemic status in obese and diabetic subjects.

Implementing carbohydrate restriction can be an effective strategy for weight loss and improving blood sugar levels in targeted populations.

A Mediterranean diet should serve as a basis that can be restructured into other kinds of diets for NAFLD patients.

Practitioners should consider using a Mediterranean diet as a flexible foundation for dietary recommendations for NAFLD patients.

Dietary composition is important for long-term health outcomes in NAFLD patients.

Practitioners should prioritize healthy dietary compositions to ensure long-term safety and efficacy for NAFLD patients.

The intervention group achieved significantly higher protein intake at 26–28 weeks and 36–38 weeks gestation.

Practitioners should focus on increasing protein intake in pregnant women through structured dietary interventions.

Both training groups experienced significant decreases in percent body fat (1.3 ± 1.3%).

Both training methods can effectively reduce body fat in untrained young women.

The multidomain lifestyle intervention (ILI) resulted in a 9% lower increase in multimorbidity index scores compared to diabetes support and education (DSE) over 8 years.

Implementing a multidomain lifestyle intervention may help reduce the progression of multimorbidity in at-risk individuals.

The treatment with GLP-1 RA resulted in a reduction in the risk of any cardiovascular event with a relative risk of 0.81.

The relative risk indicates a significant benefit of GLP-1 RA in reducing cardiovascular events.

Increasing physical activity after weight loss can effectively re-establish a state of high energy flux without significant weight regain.

Practitioners should encourage increased physical activity in clients who have lost weight to help maintain their weight loss.

The Hybrid behavioral weight loss program resulted in a weight loss of 4.8 ± 4.9 percent.

Practitioners may consider Hybrid programs to enhance weight loss outcomes in emerging adults.

The percent achieving ≥5 percent weight loss was highest in the Hybrid program (63%).

Practitioners should aim for strategies that help participants achieve significant weight loss in this age group.

Cardiovascular mortality was 30% higher in individuals with very low adherence to dietary guidelines compared to those with very high adherence.

Highlighting the importance of dietary adherence can help reduce cardiovascular mortality.

Non-cardiovascular mortality was 54% higher in individuals with very low adherence to dietary guidelines compared to those with very high adherence.

Emphasizing dietary adherence can also help reduce non-cardiovascular mortality.

Policies and practices focused on reducing portion size could help discourage excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods.

Implementing portion size reduction strategies may be beneficial for public health.

For diabetes remission in newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD), the recommended macronutrient composition is 49-54% carbohydrates, 19-20% protein, and 21-26% fat.

Practitioners should consider these macronutrient ratios when advising patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.

For prediabetes (PD) remission to normal glucose tolerance (NGT), the recommended macronutrient composition is 50-56% carbohydrates, 18-20% protein, and 21-27% fat.

Practitioners should consider these macronutrient ratios when advising patients with prediabetes.

To prevent progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in prediabetes and normal glucose tolerance groups, the recommended macronutrient compositions are 54-57% carbohydrates, 16-20% protein, and 20-24% fat for prediabetes, and 56-60% carbohydrates, 14-17% protein, and 20-24% fat for normal glucose tolerance.

Practitioners should consider these macronutrient ratios when advising patients at risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Replacing 5% energy from animal fat with 5% energy from plant fat is associated with a 4% to 24% reduction in overall mortality and a 5% to 30% reduction in CVD mortality.

Encouraging dietary fat substitution can significantly reduce mortality risks.

The intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) reduced REM-AHI and NREM-AHI during the 4-year follow-up compared to the diabetes support and education (DSE) control group.

Implementing an intensive lifestyle intervention can significantly improve sleep apnea severity in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.

The increased prevalence of chronic diseases is mainly derived from ultra-processed foods.

Reducing the consumption of ultra-processed foods may help in preventing chronic diseases.