Browse the evidence

Combining medications with bariatric surgery may improve long-term outcomes for T2DM management.

Clinicians should consider integrating pharmacotherapy with surgical interventions for better management of T2DM.

Both SIT and ET increased VO2peak and the maximal activity of citrate synthase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase with no difference between groups.

Both training methods are effective for improving aerobic capacity and specific enzyme activities.

Training decreased net muscle glycogenolysis, phosphocreatine degradation, and lactate accumulation with no difference between groups.

Both training methods effectively reduce metabolic stress markers during exercise.

There is evidence for a link between consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and disease risk.

Practitioners should be aware of the potential health risks associated with SSB consumption.

Indices of glycemic control were negatively impacted by two weeks of SR and did not fully recover after 14 days of returning to habitual step count.

Healthcare providers should consider the long-term effects of short-term inactivity on older adults' glycemic control.

24 h carbohydrate oxidation was greater on BK day compared to the control day.

Cycling may enhance carbohydrate utilization compared to being sedentary.

The composition of weight loss tracked as predicted a priori from weight change and baseline body composition.

Practitioners can use baseline body composition to predict changes during weight loss interventions.

Genetic proxies for body weight reduction via GIP receptor targeting reduces the risk of MACE and heart failure, mediated partly through lower BMI and partly through lower HbA1c.

Understanding GIP receptor pathways can inform strategies for reducing cardiovascular risks.

Lifestyle intervention alone is typically associated with approximately 2%-5% weight loss at 1 year of follow-up.

Practitioners should set realistic weight loss expectations for patients relying solely on lifestyle changes.

Bariatric surgery has the greatest degree of expected weight loss, at around 20%-30% at 1 year.

Bariatric surgery may be the most effective option for patients needing significant weight loss.

Significant reductions in diastolic BP (-1.5 mm Hg) and systolic BP (-1.1 mm Hg) were observed.

Semaglutide may help lower blood pressure in adults.

Metabolic adaptation hinders the efficacy of obesity management strategies.

Understanding metabolic adaptation can help practitioners develop more effective obesity management strategies.

Bariatric surgery is a highly effective intervention to induce weight loss with durability over 10 or more years.

Bariatric surgery can be considered a long-term solution for significant weight loss.

There is a distinct correlation between type 2 diabetes status and the likelihood of heart failure.

Recognizing this correlation can guide healthcare providers in monitoring and managing heart health in diabetic patients.

Weight gain within the first 6 months was associated with increased risk of HbA1c >7.5% and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03.

Clinicians should monitor weight changes in T2D patients as it may impact glycemic control and cardiovascular health.

Weight gain at 1 year was associated with increased risk of HbA1c >7.5% (HR 1.05) and kidney disease (HR 1.03).

Weight management is crucial for T2D patients to prevent worsening glycemic control and kidney disease.

Weight gain was associated with lower diabetes treatment satisfaction.

Healthcare providers should address weight management to improve patient satisfaction with diabetes treatment.

Soy isoflavones may be helpful in treating conditions such as insulin resistance, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and intestinal dysbiosis.

Soy isoflavones could be considered as a potential treatment option for various metabolic conditions associated with PCOS.

CRDs improved hepatic stress (GGT: SMD = -6.08 U/L) and renal function (UACR: SMD = -0.19).

CRDs may be beneficial for improving liver and kidney health in adults.

Emerging pharmacologic agents like tirzepatide and bimagrumab show promise in changing standards of care for cardiometabolic disease management.

Healthcare providers should stay informed about these emerging treatments as they may significantly impact patient care.

Skeletal muscle oxidative enzyme activity was higher in trained athletes compared to type 2 diabetes patients and older controls.

Practitioners should recognize the benefits of training on muscle oxidative capacity.

Gross variability in resistance training outcomes often reflects confounding sources of within-participant variation rather than true inter-individual differences.

Practitioners should be cautious in interpreting variability in training outcomes.

Adaptation to a FAT diet reduced RER during cycling at 70% of VO2peak, which was partially restored by 1 day of high-CHO.

Cyclists may benefit from a brief period of fat adaptation followed by carbohydrate recovery to optimize performance.

Total fat oxidation was increased and carbohydrate oxidation was decreased during cycling at 70% VO2peak for FAT compared to CHO.

Trained cyclists may enhance fat utilization by adapting to a high-fat diet.