Browse the evidence

The highest risk of diabetes associated with white rice intake was observed in South Asia (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.17-2.34, p for trend=0.02).

In South Asia, high white rice consumption may pose a greater diabetes risk, warranting tailored dietary advice.

Intragastric balloons (IGBs) may improve steatosis and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and improve quality of life and mental health in the short term.

Practitioners may consider IGBs as a short-term intervention for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) may be more effective and durable than intragastric balloons (IGBs) and result in fewer adverse events compared to bariatric surgery.

Practitioners may consider ESG as a preferable option over IGBs and traditional bariatric surgery.

Patients taking GLP-1 RAs had superior nutritional status compared to postbariatric patients, indicated by higher albumin and prealbumin levels.

Improved nutritional status in GLP-1 RA patients may enhance surgical outcomes and recovery.

BHB supplementation led to a reduction in LDL cholesterol in the BHB group.

BHB supplementation may improve lipid profiles in overweight and obese individuals.

GLP-1RAs improve blood pressure regulation and lipid metabolism.

Incorporating GLP-1RAs may enhance management of blood pressure and lipid levels in diabetic patients.

Diabetes remission rates reach 78% for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and 62% for sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Bariatric surgery can be an effective treatment for diabetes in obese patients.

Weight gain among persons with HIV on contemporary antiretroviral therapy can lead to overweight/obesity in the first 1 to 2 years, resulting in enhanced cardiometabolic risk.

Healthcare providers should monitor weight changes in persons with HIV on ART to mitigate cardiometabolic risks.

A thorough preoperative evaluation is essential to optimize outcomes and minimize risks for body contouring procedures after significant weight loss.

Practitioners should ensure thorough evaluations before body contouring surgeries.

Semaglutide represents a practice-changing therapy that addresses core pathophysiological drivers of ASCVD and HFpEF through integrated modulation of adiposity and metabolic dysfunction.

Clinicians should consider semaglutide as a key treatment option for managing ASCVD and HFpEF.

Weight cycling (yo-yo dieting) may be detrimental to metabolism, eating behaviors, quality of life, and mortality rate.

Practitioners should consider the potential negative effects of weight cycling on overall health.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the most effective long-term treatment for severe obesity and its associated comorbidities.

MBS should be considered as a primary treatment option for patients with severe obesity.

MBS is associated with improved glycemic and metabolic control, lower apnea burden, reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, and improved overall survival.

MBS can significantly improve health outcomes for patients with severe obesity.

Endoluminal bariatric and metabolic therapies have expanded significantly, with FDA-approved therapies available for patients with a body mass index as high as 50 kg/m².

Practitioners should consider these therapies for patients with high BMI who may not qualify for traditional bariatric surgery.

Responders to the PF regimen exhibited enhanced metabolic flexibility compared to non-responders.

Personalized dietary interventions may enhance metabolic flexibility in patients with T2D.

Stroke is inversely associated with fat intake from supplements and PUFA intake from diet.

Increasing intake of specific fats, particularly PUFA, may help in stroke prevention.

Higher consumption of animal-based foods may mitigate the risk of elevated TyG among women.

Encouraging a balanced intake of animal-based foods may be beneficial for women at risk of elevated TyG.

Fetal macrosomia incidence was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group, from 13.19 ± 3.9 to 4.32 ± 1.2 (p=0.001).

Implementing resistance training may reduce the risk of macrosomia in newborns.

Diet composition influences energy expenditure, energy partitioning, and appetite control.

Practitioners should consider diet composition beyond just macronutrients.

Rates of fat oxidation remained elevated above baseline even after 1 day of a carbohydrate diet.

Endurance athletes may benefit from sustained fat oxidation even after carbohydrate consumption.

Plasma glucose levels at fatigue were lower in cycling (5.8±0.5 mmol·l-1) compared to running (7.0±0.9 mmol·l-1; P<0.05).

Lower plasma glucose levels during cycling may indicate more efficient energy use.

Total rates of carbohydrate oxidation were greater during cycling (24.0±0.8 mmol C6·min-1) than running (21.7±1.4 mmol C6·min-1; P<0.01).

Triathletes may optimize performance by understanding carbohydrate oxidation rates in different activities.

Fat oxidation increased by 34% after 6 days of a high-fat diet.

Endurance athletes may experience increased fat oxidation with a high-fat diet.

Fat oxidation decreased by 30% after 6 days of a high-carbohydrate diet.

A high-carbohydrate diet may reduce fat oxidation in endurance athletes.