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Weight gain within the first 6 months was associated with increased risk of HbA1c >7.5% and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03.

Clinicians should monitor weight changes in T2D patients as it may impact glycemic control and cardiovascular health.

Weight gain at 1 year was associated with increased risk of HbA1c >7.5% (HR 1.05) and kidney disease (HR 1.03).

Weight management is crucial for T2D patients to prevent worsening glycemic control and kidney disease.

Weight gain was associated with lower diabetes treatment satisfaction.

Healthcare providers should address weight management to improve patient satisfaction with diabetes treatment.

Obesity increases the risk of postoperative complications following elective surgery.

Surgeons should consider obesity as a significant risk factor when planning surgeries.

An interdisciplinary approach is necessary for effective weight loss treatment in obese patients before joint replacement surgery.

Healthcare teams should collaborate across disciplines to optimize weight loss strategies for these patients.

Soy isoflavones may be helpful in treating conditions such as insulin resistance, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and intestinal dysbiosis.

Soy isoflavones could be considered as a potential treatment option for various metabolic conditions associated with PCOS.

Patients showed improvements in mental health scores, with SF-12 mental scores changing by 2.8 points at 6 months and 2.3 points at 18 months.

Improving mental health is a crucial component of lifestyle interventions for obesity.

CRDs improved hepatic stress (GGT: SMD = -6.08 U/L) and renal function (UACR: SMD = -0.19).

CRDs may be beneficial for improving liver and kidney health in adults.

The online exercise program had good feasibility and adherence, with 97% attendance and 98% participant satisfaction.

Practitioners can consider online exercise programs as a feasible option for engaging older adults.

The intervention showed a significant reduction in depression scores in the ACTIVE group compared to the CON group.

Implementing online exercise programs may help reduce depression in older adults.

Obesity negatively impacts ovarian stimulation and is associated with reproductive disorders.

Addressing obesity may improve fertility treatment outcomes.

The COSIAM method provides a viable approach for assessing muscle protein turnover in young, healthy females.

Practitioners can use the COSIAM method for accurate assessment of muscle protein turnover in young females.

People with physical disabilities (PWD) report more sedentary time compared to people without disabilities (PWoD) (β = 0.34; 95 % CI = 0.16-0.52, p < 0.001).

Practitioners should be aware that PWD may require tailored interventions to reduce sedentary behavior.

PWD have greater odds of reporting zero total physical activity compared to PWoD (OR = 5.18, 95 % CI = 2.19-12.24, p < 0.001).

Interventions for PWD should focus on increasing overall physical activity levels.

The effects of resistance training at longer muscle lengths show an increasing trend from proximal to distal sites.

Practitioners may consider the trend when designing resistance training programs, but should note the trivial nature of the differences.

There was stronger support for general inter-individual response variation (GEN) compared to condition-specific response variation (CON).

Understanding general response variation can help tailor training programs more effectively.

Gross variability in resistance training outcomes often reflects confounding sources of within-participant variation rather than true inter-individual differences.

Practitioners should be cautious in interpreting variability in training outcomes.

The Brain and Body Health (BB-Health) study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of a multicomponent nutritional supplement (MCNS) and weight loss (WL) intervention for older adults with obesity.

Practitioners may consider the potential of MCNS and WL interventions for older adults with obesity.

If the BB-Health protocol demonstrates feasibility, the MCNS with and without WL intervention has potential to prevent age-related cognitive decline.

Practitioners may consider the implications of MCNS and WL interventions for cognitive health in older adults.

Overfeeding led to an average body weight gain of 7.3 ± 0.4 kg.

Practitioners should be aware that overfeeding can lead to significant weight gain.

Overfeeding reduced insulin sensitivity more in individuals with short sleep duration compared to those with longer sleep duration.

Encouraging adequate sleep may mitigate negative effects on insulin sensitivity during overeating.

GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown promising results in reducing liver enzymes and improving MASLD.

Practitioners may consider GLP-1 RAs as a therapeutic option for MASLD.

The long-acting GIPR agonist LY3537021 induced a mean body weight loss of 3.14 kg in participants with T2D compared to 0.36 kg in the placebo group at day 57 (p < 0.05).

LY3537021 may be an effective treatment option for weight loss in patients with T2D.

LY3537021 was well tolerated with infrequent gastrointestinal adverse events.

LY3537021 may be a safe option for patients with T2D.