Browse the evidence

GLP-1 users most likely reduce consumption of processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, and beef.

Dietitians may need to adjust food recommendations for patients using GLP-1 based on their reduced consumption of certain food types.

Individuals in the Persistent+GLP-1 naive cohort achieved a mean weight reduction of 12.9% at 6-months post-index.

Practitioners can expect significant weight loss in eligible patients using tirzepatide over a 6-month period.

Exercise is a well-established measure to prevent or mitigate the adverse consequences of obesity.

Encouraging exercise can be a key strategy in obesity management.

GLP-1RA use in patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) is associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality (HR 0.580) compared to non-use.

Clinicians may consider GLP-1RAs for reducing mortality risk in MUHO patients.

High ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake is consistently linked to negative health outcomes.

Practitioners should be aware of the negative health implications of high UPF consumption.

Food policies that limit UPF intake are supported by evidence.

Policymakers should consider implementing regulations to reduce UPF consumption.

Orforglipron has advanced through Phase 3 clinical development, demonstrating significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c and body weight (up to 7.9%) with favorable tolerability.

Practitioners can consider Orforglipron as an effective option for managing hemoglobin A1c and body weight.

Weight loss reduces the recurrence of symptomatic atrial fibrillation.

Weight management should be a focus in the treatment plan for patients with AF.

Oral semaglutide, 50 mg, led to a mean percentage change in body weight of -14.3% compared to -1.3% with placebo.

Oral semaglutide is effective for significant weight loss in this population.

84.3% of participants on semaglutide achieved a 5% or greater body weight reduction compared to 17.2% on placebo.

A high proportion of patients on semaglutide can expect significant weight loss.

R-ESG offered higher total body weight loss (TBWL%) than GLP1/GIP-RA at 3 months (11.2% vs. 4.3%, p < .001), 6 months (13.5% vs. 6.8%, p < .001), and 12 months (13.4% vs. 9.2%, p = .07).

Practitioners may consider R-ESG as a more effective option for weight loss in patients experiencing weight recidivism after sleeve gastrectomy.

GLP1/GIP-RA achieved significantly lower TBWL% in patients with prior SG compared to those with intact stomach at 3 months (4.3% vs. 5.7%, p = .02), 6 months (6.8% vs. 9.2%, p = .02), and 12 months (9.2% vs. 12.7%, p = .03).

Practitioners should be aware that GLP1/GIP-RA may be less effective for weight loss in patients with prior sleeve gastrectomy compared to those with intact stomachs.

Tirzepatide-associated improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors are positively related to the degree of weight reduction.

Weight reduction through tirzepatide can lead to significant improvements in cardiometabolic health.

Improvements in triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol were primarily observed after weight reductions greater than 10%.

Targeting a weight reduction of over 10% may be necessary for significant improvements in lipid profiles.

The steepest improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors occurred between less than 5% and less than 20% weight reduction.

Practitioners should note that even modest weight loss can lead to significant health improvements, particularly within the 5-20% range.

GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and dual GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists (GLP-1/GIPRA) significantly reduce body weight and adiposity.

Practitioners can expect significant weight loss and reduction in adiposity with GLP-1RA and GLP-1/GIPRA therapies.

Correcting hormonal deficiencies may improve exercise capacity and reduce major cardiac events.

Clinicians should consider hormonal assessments in patients at risk of cardiovascular events.

Energy intake of the slow-ER/low-ED meal was 573 kcal (50%) lower compared to the fast-ER/high-ED meal.

Practitioners should consider the impact of meal energy density and eating rate on energy intake when designing meal plans.

A slow-ER and low-ED reduced energy intake by 59% compared to the control meal.

Incorporating slower eating rates and lower energy density foods can significantly reduce caloric intake.

A fast-ER/high-ED increased energy intake by 19% compared to the control meal.

Fast eating rates and higher energy density foods can lead to increased caloric intake, which should be considered in dietary recommendations.

Semaglutide reduces percentage body weight by a mean difference of -10.73 (95% CI -12.24 to -9.21) at medium-term follow-up.

Semaglutide can be an effective treatment option for weight loss in adults with obesity.

Semaglutide increases the proportion of people achieving 5% weight loss with a risk ratio of 2.68 (95% CI 2.30 to 3.12) at medium-term follow-up.

Semaglutide may significantly help adults with obesity achieve clinically relevant weight loss.

Tirzepatide achieved up to 20.9% weight loss over 72 weeks in non-diabetic obese individuals.

Tirzepatide can be considered an effective option for weight management in non-diabetic obese patients.

Tirzepatide significantly reduces body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk.

Tirzepatide may improve overall cardiometabolic health in non-diabetic obese patients.