Browse the evidence

Combining anti-obesity pharmacotherapy (phentermine/topiramate) with behavioral and lifestyle interventions yields significant weight loss (-30.5% total body weight) and metabolic improvement in patients with severe obesity (BMI 46 kg/m2) and complex comorbidities, achieving results typically associated with bariatric surgery.

For severe obesity (BMI >40) with comorbidities, combining FDA-approved anti-obesity medications (like phentermine/topiramate or GLP-1 agonists) with intensive lifestyle and behavioral therapy can produce weight loss results comparable to bariatric surgery. This approach is viable even for patients with complex histories (e.g., prior substance use in remission, psychiatric conditions) if carefully monitored by specialists. It serves as a robust alternative or bridge for those who decline or are not candidates for surgery.

Strict avoidance of trans-fats, hydrogenated/oxidized fats, adulterated oils, emulsifiers, glutamatergic flavor enhancers, and non-sugar sweeteners significantly improves blood pressure control and reduces antihypertensive drug requirements in patients with essential hypertension.

To improve blood pressure and reduce medication needs, focus on eliminating specific 'toxic' dietary components rather than just counting calories. Strictly avoid trans-fats, hydrogenated oils, and heavily processed oils. Be cautious with artificial sweeteners and flavor enhancers (like MSG); try eliminating them for a few weeks to see if your blood pressure improves, then reintroduce them one by one to check for personal intolerance. Prioritize cold-pressed, unheated oils and whole foods. This approach works best when combined with your current blood pressure medications until your doctor advises otherwise.

Interventions to increase nonexercise activity may enhance daily energy expenditure.

Implementing strategies to promote nonexercise activity can help increase energy expenditure.

A Mediterranean diet is advised for all MASLD patients, with a target of 7-10% weight loss for those with excess weight.

Practitioners should recommend a Mediterranean diet and aim for weight loss in MASLD patients with excess weight.

Developing simple resistance exercises that require little or no equipment is key to increasing participation in resistance exercise among people with type 2 diabetes.

Creating accessible exercise options can enhance participation rates in resistance training.

GLP-1 receptor agonists have assumed the primary role in treating obesity with significant weight loss.

Practitioners should consider GLP-1 receptor agonists as a treatment for obesity.

The US recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 g/kg/d, which is inadequate for exercising individuals.

Practitioners should consider recommending higher protein intakes for athletes.

Athletes are typically advised to consume twice the US RDA for protein.

Practitioners should recommend higher protein intakes for athletes based on this advice.

Strategies for incorporating healthier fats into meals were discussed at the symposium.

Practitioners can utilize strategies discussed to promote healthier fat choices in meals.

100 g/hr of carbohydrate may be advisable for the Olympic Cycling Road race.

Consider recommending carbohydrate intake strategies for endurance athletes.

The Expert Group Statement advocates for an evidence-based approach to nutrition in high-performance tennis.

Practitioners should implement evidence-based nutritional strategies for tennis players.

The statement emphasizes a 'food first' philosophy, prioritizing food over supplements.

Nutritionists should focus on whole foods to meet players' nutrient needs.

Weight-loss medications should be prescribed in selected patients to maximize effectiveness.

Practitioners should evaluate patients carefully to determine who would benefit most from weight-loss medications.

Consumption of a proprietary Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) complex for seven days improves self-reported mental focus and perceived energy in golfers without increasing physiological arousal or energy expenditure.

If you play golf and struggle with focus, try a proprietary MCT supplement taken once daily for a week. This may improve your mental focus and perceived energy without making you feel physically more tired or increasing your calorie burn. Note that the specific ingredients are not disclosed, so you must trust the brand's formulation.

A guideline-based approach to weight management counseling in primary care is proposed.

Practitioners should adopt a guideline-based approach in counseling patients about weight management.

Standalone digital health exercise interventions provide no significant benefit on core sarcopenia outcomes (muscle mass, physical performance) in older adults, whereas combined digital interventions (exercise plus nutrition) significantly improve muscle strength and quality of life.

If you are an older adult with sarcopenia, a digital exercise app alone is unlikely to significantly improve your muscle strength or physical function. To see real benefits, you need a program that combines digital exercise guidance with nutritional support. Look for comprehensive digital interventions that include both components.

Individualized strength-oriented fitness programs significantly improve strength preparedness (maximal strength, endurance, speed-strength) in women of early mature age (21-30 years) even under prolonged war-related environmental stress.

If you are living in a high-stress or crisis environment, do not abandon strength training. Instead, individualize your program to your current capacity and stress levels. Focus on gradual progression of resistance and volume. This approach can maintain and even improve your strength and functional stability despite external chaos.

Supplementation with whey protein, creatine HCl, and glutamine combined with undulating resistance training improves strength and muscle mass gains in athletes, even in those with lower genetic predisposition for strength (low TGS), compared to non-supplemented athletes with higher genetic predisposition.

If you are an athlete looking to maximize strength and muscle, combining resistance training with specific supplements (whey protein, creatine HCl, glutamine) may yield better results than training alone, even if you don't have 'strength genes'. Ensure you take whey protein post-workout, creatine pre-workout, and split glutamine doses morning and night.

Weekly subcutaneous administration of GLP-1 receptor agonist (dulaglutide) significantly reduces HbA1c and body weight in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who fail to adhere to low carbohydrate diet (LCD) or calorie restriction diet (CRD).

If you have Type 2 Diabetes and struggle to maintain a low-carb or calorie-restricted diet due to lifestyle, cognitive issues, or lack of support, ask your doctor about once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonists like dulaglutide. This medication can significantly lower blood sugar (HbA1c) and help with weight loss even when dietary adherence is inconsistent. It is particularly useful for elderly patients or those with comorbidities who find daily management difficult.

Long-term adherence to a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet is projected to result in obesity (mean BMI 31.76), whereas shifting 50% of kilocalories from BMI-increasing foods to BMI-decreasing foods is projected to result in a normal BMI (23.26).

If you are following a low-carb, high-fat diet, be aware that while you might lose weight quickly, this specific analysis projects that maintaining this diet long-term (over 20 years) could lead to obesity. To achieve a normal BMI long-term, the model suggests shifting half your calories from foods that increase BMI (like animal fats and sugars) to foods that decrease it (like vegetables and whole grains).

Personalization and gamification are crucial elements for motivation and engagement in running applications.

When choosing or designing a running app, look for features that allow you to set specific goals and customize notifications. Gamified elements like badges or social sharing can boost motivation if they align with your personal values. Avoid apps that offer only generic advice.

Women may benefit from shorter rest intervals (e.g., 1 minute or less) than men to maintain performance and strength gains during resistance training.

If you are a woman, try resting 60 seconds or less between sets. You might find you can maintain your performance better than if you rested longer, and you'll finish your workout faster. However, be cautious with very short rests (20s) for strength goals, as they may hinder gains.

Short-term adoption of a vegan diet (e.g., 3 weeks) leads to significant weight loss and reduced caloric intake without negatively impacting fitness scores or sports performance.

If you switch to a vegan diet, expect to lose weight, likely fat, due to lower calorie density. Your strength and fitness scores should remain stable in the short term (3 weeks) if you keep training. Monitor your energy levels and adjust portions if you feel fatigued.

Individualized, multi-disciplinary nutrition counseling combined with lifestyle modification (diet and exercise) leads to significant weight loss and improved metabolic markers in prediabetic subjects, even when caloric intake increases due to behavioral flexibility.

For prediabetic individuals, rigid calorie counting often fails due to social pressures and lifestyle constraints. Instead, work with a clinical team to build self-management skills. Focus on problem-solving for specific triggers (like work dinners or alcohol) and gradually improve food choices. The study shows that even if your total calorie intake eventually rises, improved behavioral habits and increased physical activity can still drive significant weight loss and metabolic improvement.