Browse the evidence

Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects up to three out of four individuals with diabetes.

Healthcare providers should be aware of the high prevalence of ED in diabetic patients.

Preliminary reports have raised concerns about a possible association between GLP-1 RA use and erectile dysfunction.

Clinicians should monitor erectile function in patients using GLP-1 RAs.

JMV-449 augmented the insulinotropic actions of both GIP and GLP-1.

Combining JMV-449 with incretin therapies may improve insulin response in patients.

GLP-1 RA users had higher rates of type 2 diabetes (55.6% versus 29.5%) compared to nonusers.

Understanding the diabetes status of patients may inform perioperative management strategies.

Tirzepatide's effect is largely mediated by its GIP component.

Understanding that GIP mediates tirzepatide's effects can help practitioners optimize treatment strategies.

No statistically significant differences in resting blood variables or body composition were observed between the AEL and TRAD protocols after 4 weeks of training.

Practitioners may not expect significant changes in hormonal responses or body composition from AEL compared to traditional training.

Results marginally favored the use of AEL, but did not support significant improvements in body composition or hormonal responses.

AEL may have slight advantages, but practitioners should not expect major changes in outcomes.

The combination of canagliflozin and metformin in a single tablet may improve medication adherence in type 2 diabetes.

Using a fixed-dose combination may enhance patient compliance with diabetes treatment regimens.

Bariatric surgery can enforce prolonged remission of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in a proportion of patients.

Bariatric surgery may be considered as a treatment option for patients with DM2 seeking remission.

The gut releases several hormones upon feeding that affect satiety and metabolism.

Understanding gut hormone release can inform dietary strategies for managing satiety and metabolism.

Gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) are common with incretin-based therapies (IBTs), with placebo-subtracted incidences of 5–39% for nausea, −7–39% for diarrhea, 2–31% for constipation, 0–26% for vomiting, and 2–20% for abdominal pain.

Clinicians should be aware of the high incidence of GI AEs when prescribing IBTs.

Semaglutide did not offer significant advantages in lowering HbA1C levels compared to other hypoglycemic treatments.

Practitioners should be cautious in expecting significant HbA1C improvements with Semaglutide.

GLP-1RA use was associated with increased fracture risk in nondiabetic patients who were overweight or obese (3.05% vs. 2.61%, OR 1.19, CI [1.09 to 1.31]).

Practitioners should consider the increased fracture risk when prescribing GLP-1RAs to overweight or obese nondiabetic patients.

In patients with a BMI ≥40, fracture risk was significantly increased with GLP-1RA use (3.15% vs. 1.91%, OR 1.26, CI [1.04 to 1.52]).

Higher BMI patients may require closer monitoring for fracture risk when prescribed GLP-1RAs.

Patients older than 67 years showed a significant increase in fracture risk with GLP-1RA use, particularly those aged 68 to 77 years (5.61% vs. 3.65%, OR 2.25, CI [1.62 to 3.13]) and 78 to 88 years (9.28% vs. 5.10%, OR 4.99, CI [2.68 to 9.26]).

Older patients may be at higher risk for fractures when prescribed GLP-1RAs and should be monitored accordingly.

If access to GLP-1RAs was restricted to people with severe obesity and 50% moved into a lower BMI category, there would be a simulated reduction in cumulative cancer cases of 7476.

Restricting GLP-1RA access to those with severe obesity can still lead to significant cancer case reductions.

Patients receiving semaglutide within 10 days of surgery have a significantly increased risk of residual gastric content compared to a control sample (40% vs. 3%).

Clinicians should be cautious when managing patients on semaglutide in the peri-operative setting due to increased aspiration risk.

Increased residual gastric content was observed regardless of whether patients held semaglutide for 1–7 or 8–10 days pre-operatively.

The duration of holding semaglutide before surgery may not mitigate the risk of residual gastric content.

Increased residual gastric content can persist up to 10 days after stopping subcutaneous semaglutide.

Clinicians may need to consider longer pre-operative interruption intervals for patients on semaglutide to reduce aspiration risk.

High protein diets do not confer additional satiating benefits in resistance-trained individuals during short-term energy deficit.

Practitioners should consider that increasing protein intake beyond moderate levels may not enhance satiety in resistance-trained individuals on a calorie deficit.

Transient reductions in fasting glucose were observed in participants with T2D, but these were not sustained and not significantly different from placebo at day 29.

While LY3537021 may reduce fasting glucose, the effects may not be long-lasting.

Co-stimulation of GLP-1 with other receptors like GIP and glucagon may provide additional therapeutic benefits.

Practitioners should consider combination therapies involving GLP-1 for enhanced weight loss effects.

Metformin was widely found to be weight-neutral with minimal effects on muscle mass.

Practitioners can consider Metformin as a weight-neutral option with minimal impact on muscle mass.

GLP-1 RA initiation was associated with a reduced incidence of all-cause mortality post RYGB (1.2% vs. 3.9%) with a hazard ratio of 0.497.

Practitioners may consider GLP-1 RAs to potentially improve survival rates in patients post RYGB.