Browse the evidence

Twenty-four-hour carbohydrate oxidation was elevated on the REX day, while 24-hour fat and protein oxidation were not different.

Resistance exercise increases carbohydrate oxidation without affecting fat or protein oxidation in women.

High-dose leucine supplementation did not enhance gains in muscle strength after a 12-week resistance training program.

Practitioners should consider that leucine supplementation may not provide additional benefits for muscle strength in adequately protein-fed individuals.

There were no differences in muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) gains between the leucine and alanine groups.

Leucine supplementation does not provide additional benefits for muscle size compared to alanine in resistance-trained individuals.

Calorie restriction (CR) resulted in 88 differentially regulated genes compared to 39 in calorie restriction with exercise (CREX).

Practitioners should note that calorie restriction alone may have a more significant impact on gene regulation than combining it with exercise.

Calorie restriction specifically downregulated chemokine signaling-related pathways.

Understanding the downregulation of chemokine pathways may help in developing targeted interventions for health benefits of calorie restriction.

Treatment of wild-type mice with linolenic acid reduced food intake and body mass.

Using linolenic acid may help reduce food intake and body mass in certain contexts.

A very-low-fat (LFAT) diet may unfavorably alter serum lipid profiles.

Athletes should be cautious about short-term very-low-fat diets due to potential negative effects on lipid health.

Treatment with semaglutide was associated with a significant odds of NAION (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.02-15.02).

Clinicians should monitor for NAION in patients treated with semaglutide.

Current evidence remains insufficient to establish definitive conclusions regarding the association of semaglutide with NAION.

Further research is needed to clarify the risk of NAION with semaglutide.

Concerns exist regarding the performance of dynamic spinal flexion exercises, such as the crunch, due to the belief that the spine has a finite number of bending cycles.

Fitness professionals should consider the potential risks associated with dynamic spinal flexion exercises in program design.

The article will review research pertaining to the risks of performing dynamic spinal flexion exercises.

The findings from this review may inform exercise performance guidelines.

The applicability of findings regarding spinal flexion exercises to exercise performance will be discussed.

Understanding the implications of spinal flexion exercise research can enhance program design.

Weight loss had mixed associations with cognitive scores.

Weight loss may not uniformly benefit cognitive function, and effects can vary based on initial weight status.

Associations between improvements in glycemic control and cognitive performance may differ by adiposity and cardiovascular disease history.

Consider individual health profiles when assessing the impact of glycemic control on cognitive function.

Eccentric duration had no impact on rating of perceived exertion (RPE), range of motion (ROM), or barbell path.

Eccentric phase manipulation may not affect perceived exertion or movement mechanics.

There was no significant difference in detecting change in fat-free mass (FFM) at 12 and 32 weeks among underwater weighing, BIA, and skinfold measurements.

Different methods for measuring body composition can be used interchangeably without significant differences in outcomes.

GLP-1RA users had a lower risk of dementia (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.50-0.81) compared to other antidiabetic drug users.

Practitioners may consider GLP-1RAs as a treatment option for reducing dementia risk in this population.

The rationale for health promotion at the event was overly simplistic and ignored broader factors.

Health promotion strategies should consider a wider range of influencing factors beyond individual choices.

The placebo group did not respond to the overreaching phase despite optimal protein and leucine intake.

Even with adequate protein intake, some individuals may not respond to increased training volume.

Increasing saturated fat intake was not associated with CVD or mortality and instead correlated with lower rates of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.

Practitioners may reconsider the role of saturated fat in CVD risk and its potential benefits for metabolic health.

Pea protein supplementation had an intermediate, non-significant effect on muscle damage biomarkers compared to water.

Pea protein may offer some benefits for muscle recovery, but less effectively than whey protein.

Pre-exhaustion does not alter the neuromuscular activity of the target muscle in multi-joint exercise.

Practitioners should note that pre-exhaustion does not change muscle activation patterns.

Bariatric surgery performed in patients with obesity and end-stage liver disease waiting for liver transplantation is associated with a 5% major post-bariatric surgery complications rate and a 7% 1-year post-liver transplantation mortality.

Bariatric surgery can be considered for patients with obesity awaiting liver transplantation, with a relatively low complication and mortality rate.

The screening criteria for sarcopenic obesity include BMI, waist circumference, calf circumference, the SARC-F, and the Finger Ring test.

These criteria can guide practitioners in screening for sarcopenic obesity.