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Patients showed improvements in mental health scores, with SF-12 mental scores changing by 2.8 points at 6 months and 2.3 points at 18 months.

Improving mental health is a crucial component of lifestyle interventions for obesity.

The intervention showed a significant reduction in depression scores in the ACTIVE group compared to the CON group.

Implementing online exercise programs may help reduce depression in older adults.

Alabama participants showed significantly greater improvements in objective physical activity measures compared to Colorado participants.

Regional differences may influence physical activity outcomes in weight loss interventions.

There was stronger support for general inter-individual response variation (GEN) compared to condition-specific response variation (CON).

Understanding general response variation can help tailor training programs more effectively.

If the BB-Health protocol demonstrates feasibility, the MCNS with and without WL intervention has potential to prevent age-related cognitive decline.

Practitioners may consider the implications of MCNS and WL interventions for cognitive health in older adults.

Perceived hunger, fullness, and satisfaction were comparable between the moderate and high protein diets.

Practitioners can expect similar levels of hunger and satisfaction from both moderate and high protein diets.

GLP-1 agonists can modulate appetite through effects on the hypothalamus, making them promising for obesity treatment.

GLP-1 agonists may be effective options for patients looking to manage obesity through appetite control.

Acute data generally show that muscle activation and training volume do not differ between supersets and traditional resistance training.

Both training methods can be considered equally effective in terms of muscle activation and volume.

Family member participation in the intervention expands the possibilities for lasting lifestyle changes.

Encouraging family involvement can enhance the effectiveness of obesity treatment programs.

Novel study designs can account for confounding sources of variation in individual response to resistance training.

Practitioners can use these study designs to better understand individual training responses.

Volume load (VL) in the bench press (BP) was affected by exercise order, independent of the mode.

Practitioners should consider exercise order when designing resistance training programs.

The close-grip bench press (CGBP) showed higher volume load in the first exercise order (O1).

Prioritizing CGBP in training sessions may enhance performance.

Myoelectric activity was higher for the clavicular head pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and triceps brachii long head when the bench press was last in the sequence.

Adjusting exercise order can optimize muscle activation during training.

Use of incretin-based therapies (IBT) after bariatric surgery is associated with a 55% lower risk of new-onset alcohol use disorder (AUD) compared to non-IBT antiobesity medications (AOMs).

Practitioners may consider prescribing IBT for patients post-bariatric surgery to reduce the risk of AUD.

IBT is associated with a 41% lower risk of initiation of medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUDs) compared to non-IBT AOMs.

IBT may be a beneficial option for reducing the need for MAUDs in post-bariatric surgery patients.

Maximum strength increased marginally significantly by 4.6 kg during the intervention.

Practitioners can expect modest strength improvements with low-intensity training in this population.

A gradual decrease in total body fat and no decrease in appendicular lean mass (ALM) are significantly independently associated with higher cognitive scores compared with other trajectories.

Weight loss strategies should focus on reducing body fat while preserving lean mass to support cognitive health.

Differences in cognitive score were large for sarcopenia, but not for obesity.

Addressing sarcopenia may be crucial for maintaining cognitive function in this population.

Weight loss approaches that preserve ALM and function may lead to reduced cognitive decline compared with weight loss alone.

Practitioners should consider strategies that maintain lean mass during weight loss to support cognitive health.

The intervention group exhibited improved self-efficacy (Z = 4.06, P < 0.001) compared to the control group.

Enhancing self-efficacy through targeted interventions can support behavior change in physically inactive young adults.

Both groups improved strength over time with no significant difference between treatments.

Both eccentric tempos can be effective for strength gains, providing flexibility in training design.

Participants in the VR program reported a high level of enjoyment.

High enjoyment in VR programs may encourage sustained participation in fitness activities.

A lower training age (TA) is related to increased difficulty of repetitions in reserve (RIR) assessment when 3 or more RIR exist.

Trainers should consider the training age of individuals when assessing perceived exertion during resistance training.

Greater chronological age (CA) is associated with more accurately assessing RIR closer to failure.

Older trainees may have an advantage in accurately gauging their exertion levels during training.